Skip to Content

1. Battery controllers: signals and errors

Last modified by Admin on 2025/03/03 15:20

Battery controllers: signals, states and errors

Input signals

Below is the list of input signals that can be assigned to discrete inputs of the BMS controller.

  • Remote control values: Off = 0, On = 1, Use physical input = 2-65535.
  • Status values: Off = 0, On = 1.
NameDescriptionCompatibilityBMS DisplayRemote controlStatus
Mini S / MiniMain 2.1Main 3Short nameAbbr.CANopen SDOModbus, holding regsCANopen SDOModbus, input regs
Balancing requestRequest to balance the cellsYesYesYesBalancing req.BR0x5100, sub 0x140x51130x4001 sub 0x00, bit 30x20F4, bit 3
Battery coverSignal from the battery coverYesYesYesBattery coverCVR0x5100, sub 0x010x51000x4000 sub 0x00, bit 00x2000, bit 0
CH contactor feedbackSignal from the charging contactor feedback loop YesYesCH cont. feed.CCF0x5100, sub 0x060x51050x4000 sub 0x00, bit 50x2000, bit 5
CH/DCH contactor feedbackSignal from the charging/discharging contactor feedback loop YesYesC/D cont. feed.CDF0x5100, sub 0x0D0x510C0x4000 sub 0x00, bit 120x2000, bit 12
Charge requestRequest to close the charging contactorYesYesYesCharge requestCRE0x5100, sub 0x090x51080x4000 sub 0x00, bit 80x2000, bit 8
Charger connectedSignal indicating that the charger is connectedYesYesYesCharger connect.CON0x5100, sub 0x020x51010x4000 sub 0x00, bit 10x2000, bit 1
Circuit breaker statusStatus of protective disconnectorYesYesYesCircuit breakerCBS0x5100, sub 0x130x51120x4001 sub 0x00, bit 20x20F4, bit 2
Close External 1Request to set the External 1 signalYesYesYesClose Ext.1CE10x5100, sub 0x160x51150x4001 sub 0x00, bit 50x20F4, bit 5
Close Main contactorRequest to close the main contactorYesYesYesClose Main cont.CMC0x5100, sub 0x150x51140x4001 sub 0x00, bit 40x20F4, bit 4
DCH contactor feedbackSignal from the discharging contactor feedback loop YesYesDCH cont. feed.DCF0x5100, sub 0x070x51060x4000 sub 0x00, bit 60x2000, bit 6
Discharge requestRequest to close the discharging contactorYesYesYesDischarge req.DRE0x5100, sub 0x0B0x510A0x4000 sub 0x00, bit 100x2000, bit 10
Fuse 1Signal from fuse 1YesYesYesFuse 1F10x5100, sub 0x100x510F0x4000 sub 0x00, bit 150x2000, bit 15
Fuse 2Signal from fuse 2YesYesYesFuse 2F20x5100, sub 0x110x51100x4001 sub 0x00, bit 00x20F4, bit 0
Fuse 3Signal from fuse 3YesYesYesFuse 3F30x5100, sub 0x120x51110x4001 sub 0x00, bit 10x20F4, bit 1
Inhibit chargingCommand to open the charging contactorYesYesYesInhibit charg.ICH0x5100, sub 0x040x51030x4000 sub 0x00, bit 30x2000, bit 3
Inhibit dischargingCommand to open the discharging contactorYesYesYesInhibit disch.IDC0x5100, sub 0x050x51040x4000 sub 0x00, bit 40x2000, bit 4
Insulation statusSignal from an insulation monitoring deviceYesYesYesInsul. statusINS0x5100, sub 0x080x51070x4000 sub 0x00, bit 70x2000, bit 7
InterlockSignal from the interlock loopYesYesYesInterlockINT0x5100, sub 0x0F0x510E0x4000 sub 0x00, bit 140x2000, bit 14
Main contactor feedbackSignal from the main contactor feedback loop YesYesMain cont. feed.MCF0x5100, sub 0x0E0x510D0x4000 sub 0x00, bit 130x2000, bit 13
PCH contactor feedbackSignal from the precharging contactor feedback loop YesYesPCH cont. feed.PCF0x5100, sub 0x0C0x510B0x4000 sub 0x00, bit 110x2000, bit 11
Power up/down requestRequest to power down the deviceYesYesYesPower down req.PDN0x5100, sub 0x030x51020x4000 sub 0x00, bit 20x2000, bit 2
Precharge requestRequest to close the precharging contactorYesYesYesPrecharge req.PRE0x5100, sub 0x0A0x51090x4000 sub 0x00, bit 90x2000, bit 9

Note - Contactor feedback signals in BMS Mini / BMS Mini S are connected to X1 header and configured in "Signals → MOSFETs → Contactors feedback" section.

Internal signals

Below is the list of internal BMS signals. Most signals can be assigned to discrete outputs and/or relays.

  • Status values: Off = 0, On = 1.
NameDescriptionCompatibilityBMS DisplayStatus
Mini S / MiniMain 2.1Main 3Short nameAbbr.CANopen SDOModbus, input regs
Allow chargingCommand for a charger to start chargingYesYesYesAllow chargingACH0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 30x2009-0x200A, bit 3
Balancing 1Command to balance the first series of cells YesYesBalancing 1BA10x4030 sub 0x00, bit 150x2009-0x200A, bit 15
Balancing 2Command to balance the second series of cells YesYesBalancing 2BA20x4030 sub 0x00, bit 160x2009-0x200A, bit 16
Cell analysisSignal indicating cell analysis processYes*Yes*Yes*Cell analysisCEA0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 140x2009-0x200A, bit 14
Charging current presentSignal showing the presence of the charging currentYesYes*YesCH curr. presentCCP0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 40x2009-0x200A, bit 4
ChargingCommand to control the charging contactorYesYesYesChargingCH0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 20x2009-0x200A, bit 2
Charging/DischargingCommand to control the charging/discharging contactorYesYesYesCharg./Discharg.C/D0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 220x2009-0x200A, bit 22
CoolerCommand to control the coolerYesYesYesCoolerCOO0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 90x2009-0x200A, bit 9
Crown EWS Yes*Yes*Yes*Crown EWSEWS0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 190x2009-0x200A, bit 19
Discharging (AUX)Command to control the auxiliary discharging contactorYesYesYesDisch. AUXAUX0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 170x2009-0x200A, bit 17
Discharging current presentSignal showing the presence of the discharging currentYesYes*YesDCH cur. presentDCP0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 60x2009-0x200A, bit 6
DischargingCommand to control the discharging contactorYesYesYesDischargingDCH0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 50x2009-0x200A, bit 5
External 1Command to control an external schemeYesYesYesExternal 1EX10x4030 sub 0x00, bit 260x2009-0x200A, bit 26
Heater (AUX)Command to control the auxiliary heater Yes Heater (AUX)HAU0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 270x2009-0x200A, bit 27
HeaterCommand to control the heaterYesYesYesHeaterHEA0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 80x2009-0x200A, bit 8
High charging currentSignal indicating that the charging current is highYesYesYesHigh ch. curr.HCC0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 10x2009-0x200A, bit 1
InitSignal showing that the device is in the initialization phaseYes*Yes*Yes*InitINI0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 110x2009-0x200A, bit 11
Low SOCSignal indicatiing that the battery has low SOCYesYesYesLow SOCLOS0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 00x2009-0x200A, bit 0
Main contactorCommand to control the main contactorYesYesYesMain contactorMCO0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 200x2009-0x200A, bit 20
Power down ACKCommand that acknowledges the BMS power down. Acknowledgement is outputted when the charge and discharge contactors have been opened on the power down requestYesYesYesPower down ACKPDA0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 180x2009-0x200A, bit 18
Power upSignal indicating the BMS power statusYesYesYesPower upPUP0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 250x2009-0x200A, bit 25
PrechargingCommand to control the precharging contactorYesYesYesPrechargingPCH0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 120x2009-0x200A, bit 12
Ready to chargeSignal showing that the battery is ready for chargingYesYesYesReady to chargeRTC0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 230x2009-0x200A, bit 23
Ready to dischargeSignal showing that the battery is ready for dischargingYesYesYesReady to disch.RTD0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 240x2009-0x200A, bit 24
Service resetCommand to restart the deviceYes*Yes*Yes*Service resetSR0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 210x2009-0x200A, bit 21
Shutdown request (Combilift)Command to open the discharging contactor from the Combilift truckYes*Yes*Yes*Combilift shutd.CSH0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 130x2009-0x200A, bit 13
Shutdown request (HYG/Spirit)Command to open the discharging contactor from the HYG truckYes*Yes*Yes*HYG shutdownHSH0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 100x2009-0x200A, bit 10
Voltage too high for chargingSignal indicating that the battery is fully chargedYes*Yes*Yes*Volt. too highVTH0x4030 sub 0x00, bit 70x2009-0x200A, bit 7

* Cannot be assigned to discrete outputs and relays.

Errors

Below is the list of BMS errors.

  • Status values: Off = 0, On = 1.
Name DescriptionIs a critical errorCompatibilityBMS DisplayStatus
Mini S / MiniMain 2.1Main 3Short nameAbbr.CANopen SDOModbus, input regs
ADC errorError of the ADC that measures the battery current•YesYesYesADC errorADC0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 190x2007-0x2008, bit 19
Battery cover errorBattery cover is open•YesYesYesBattery coverBCE0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 50x2007-0x2008, bit 5
Cell count errorNumber of cells does not match the specified value•YesYesYesCell countCEL0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 120x2007-0x2008, bit 12
CH contactor cycles errorSwitching frequency of the charging contactor is too high YesYesYesCH cont. cycleCCC0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 210x2007-0x2008, bit 21
CH contactor feedback errorThe control signal for the charging contactor and the contactor feedback differ• YesYesCH cont. feed.CCF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 60x200E-0x200F, bit 6
CH/DCH contactor feedback errorThe control signal for the charging/discharging contactor and the contactor feedback differ• YesYesC/D cont. feed.CDF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 100x200E-0x200F, bit 10
Combilift offlineConnection with the Combilift forklift is lost YesYesYesCombilift offl.COM0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 150x2007-0x2008, bit 15
Contactor feedback errorFailure of one of the contactors feedback signal. Which contactor is failed can be found in "Signals -> MOSFETs -> Contactor feedback" section of the BMS Mini device Yes  Cont. feed. er.CFE0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 120x200E-0x200F, bit 12
Critical errorCritical system error, the BMS is damaged YesYesYesCritical errorCER0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 100x2007-0x2008, bit 10
Crown errorConnection with the Crown forklift is lost YesYesYesCrown errorCRO0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 110x2007-0x2008, bit 11
Current limit errorCharging or discharging current is more than the limit calculated by Charge map or Discharge map Yes YesCur. limit errorCLE0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 190x200E-0x200F, bit 19
Current sensor errorError in the current sensor circuit•YesYesYesCurrent sensorCSE0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 200x2007-0x2008, bit 20
DCH contactor cycles errorSwitching frequency of the discharging contactor is too high YesYesYesDCH cont. cycleDCC0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 220x2007-0x2008, bit 22
DCH contactor feedback errorThe control signal for the discharging contactor and the contactor feedback differ• YesYesDCH cont. feed.DCF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 70x200E-0x200F, bit 7
FS errorSD card read/write error YesYesYesFS errorFSE0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 30x200E-0x200F, bit 3
General errorSpecial configurable error depending on other errors Yes*Yes*Yes*General errorGE0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 130x200E-0x200F, bit 13
High contactor temperatureTemperature of a contactor is too high YesYesYesHi. cont. temp.HCT0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 170x2007-0x2008, bit 17
High humidityIncreased humidity inside the battery  YesYesHigh humidityHHU0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 60x2007-0x2008, bit 6
High Logic temperatureAt least one of the Logic devices is overheated  YesYesHi. Logic temp.HLT0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 80x2007-0x2008, bit 8
High temperature (CH)Temperature is too high for charging YesYesYesHigh temp. CHHTC0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 10x200E-0x200F, bit 1
High temperature (DCH)Temperature is too high for discharging YesYesYesHigh temp. DCHHTD0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 40x2007-0x2008, bit 4
High voltage faultFailure of high voltage measuring circuits•  YesHV faultHVF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 140x200E-0x200F, bit 14
HVIL errorBreakage of high-voltage interlock current loop•  YesHVIL errorHE0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 160x200E-0x200F, bit 16
HYG offlineConnection with the HYG forklift is lost YesYesYesHYG offlineHYG0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 130x2007-0x2008, bit 13
Insulation faultInsulation resistance is too low•YesYesYesInsulation faultINF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 80x200E-0x200F, bit 8
Logic count errorThe number of BMS Logic devices differs from the required value  YesYesLogic countLOG0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 180x2007-0x2008, bit 18
Logic offline (Cell monitor offline)BMS Main devices: at least one of the Logic devices is offline.
BMS Mini devices: connection with cell monitor is lost.		•YesYesYesLogic offlineLOF0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 90x2007-0x2008, bit 9
Low temperature (CH)Temperature is too low for charging; YesYesYesLow temp. CHLTC0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 00x200E-0x200F, bit 0
Low temperature (DCH)Temperature is too low for discharging; YesYesYesLow temp. DCHLTD0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 30x2007-0x2008, bit 3
Main contactor feedback errorThe control signal for the main contactor and the contactor feedback differ• YesYesMain cont. feed.MCF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 110x200E-0x200F, bit 11
Mount errorSD card cannot be mounted YesYesYesMount errorMNT0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 20x200E-0x200F, bit 2
Need acknowledgeThere is an unacknowledged error in error journal YesYesYesNeed ACKACK0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 140x2007-0x2008, bit 14
No temperature sensorsThe device has no temperature sensors connected•YesYesYesNo temp. sens.NTS0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 270x2007-0x2008, bit 27
OvercurrentThe battery current is too high YesYesYesOvercurrentOC0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 00x2007-0x2008, bit 0
OvervoltageVoltage of any cell is too high YesYesYesOvervoltageOV0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 20x2007-0x2008, bit 2
PCH contactor feedback errorThe control signal for the precharging contactor and the contactor feedback differ• YesYesPCH cont. feed.PCF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 90x200E-0x200F, bit 9
Power faultExternal devices power supply error: current sensors, HVIL, BMS Logic or CAN2 (int) bus powered devices•  YesPower faultPF0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 180x200E-0x200F, bit 18
Power switch errorShort circuit in contactor coil control circuit or power switch overheating•  YesPSW errorPSE0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 150x200E-0x200F, bit 15
Precharge errorCapacitive load pre-charge process did not end during the estimated time YesYesYesPrecharge errorPE0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 170x200E-0x200F, bit 17
Settings errorWrong checksum of the device settings  Yes Settings err.SET0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 250x2007-0x2008, bit 25
Short circuitFlowing high battery currents during a long time YesYesYesShort circuitSHC0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 160x2007-0x2008, bit 16
Shunt errorInternal error of the shunt current sensor•YesYesYesShunt errorSHE0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 240x2007-0x2008, bit 24
Shunt offlineConnection with the shunt current sensor is lost•YesYesYesShunt offlineSHO0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 230x2007-0x2008, bit 23
Spirit offlineConnection with the Spirit forklift is lost YesYesYesSpirit offlineSPI0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 290x2007-0x2008, bit 29
Stuck contactorSome contactor got stuck•YesYesYesStuck contactorSTC0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 50x200E-0x200F, bit 5
Temperature sensor is shortedSome temperature sensors are shorted•YesYesYesShorted temp.TSS0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 280x2007-0x2008, bit 28
Unallowable chargingCharging the battery through the discharging contactor YesYesYesUnallowable CHUCH0x4021 sub 0x00, bit 40x200E-0x200F, bit 4
UndervoltageVoltage of any cell is too low YesYesYesUndervoltageUV0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 10x2007-0x2008, bit 1
WaterThere is water in the battery enclosure• YesYesWaterWHU0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 70x2007-0x2008, bit 7
WDT resetWatchdog timer reset the device•YesYesYesWDT resetWDT0x4020 sub 0x00, bit 260x2007-0x2008, bit 26

* The signal can be assigned to discrete outputs and relays.