Wiki source code of 3.3 Control

Last modified by Admin on 2026/04/30 15:58

version	line-number	content
1.1	1	(% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
	2	= Settings =
	3
	4	(% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
	5	== Control ==
	6
	7	=== Common settings ===
	8
	9	To change the common BMS settings, select the "Control → Common settings" section:
	10
6.2	11	[[image:1740394523706-519.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="127" width="800"]]
1.1	12
	13	In this section:
	14
54.2	15	* Cell capacity – nominal capacity of cells, Ah;
	16	* Cell resistance – nominal (maximum) internal resistance of the cell, Ohm;
	17	* Relax time (after charging) – a relaxation time after charging, second;
	18	* Relax time (after discharging) – the relaxation time after discharging, second;
	19	* Reset parameters – a command to reset cells state of charge, capacity, and resistance.
1.1	20
55.1	21	The values “Capacity” and “Resistance” are used to calculate the SOC of cells and the battery.
1.1	22
55.2	23	The values of “Relax time” are used to determine the state of the battery. If the battery is in a state of relaxation, the system recalculates the voltage on the cells to the state of charge of the battery.
1.1	24
55.2	25	The “Reset parameters” is used for starting-up and adjustment of the battery and will reset:
6.2	26
	27	* state of charge (new cell SOC values will be calculated based on cell voltage and “Uocv (open-circuit voltage) table”: in the “Control → SOC estimation” section);
	28	* cell resistance to “Cell resistance” value;
	29	* battery capacity to “Cell capacity” value.
	30
1.1	31	=== SOC estimation ===
	32
55.3	33	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device calculates the state of charge (SOC) of each cell by using following algorithms:
1.1	34
55.2	35	The “Voltage” SOC calculation algorithm calculates cells SOC based on the tabular dependence Uocv = Uocv(SOC, t °C).
1.1	36
55.2	37	The “Current and voltage (simplified)” SOC calculation algorithm works as follows:
1.1	38
55.2	39	* if I = 0, the battery is in the state of relaxation and the cell voltage Uocv is outside the [U,,ocv[point 1],,; U,,ocv[point 2],,], the SOC calculation is based on the tabular dependency Uocv = Uocv(SOC, t °C);
	40	* in any other cases, the SOC value is proportional to the charge (coulomb) passed through the battery (current time integral).
1.1	41
55.2	42	The “Current and voltage (enhanced)” SOC calculation algorithm differs from the simplified algorithm by online correction of the effective capacity. When using this algorithm, it is necessary to fine tune the tabular dependence Uocv = Uocv (SOC, t °C).
	43
	44	To change the algorithm for calculating the SOC, select the "Control → SOC estimation" section:
	45
2.1	46	[[image:1733746733477-590.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="166" width="800"]]
1.1	47
	48	The following estimation algorithms supported:
	49
	50	* Voltage – by open circuit voltage;
	51	* Current and voltage (simplified);
	52	* Current and voltage (enhanced);
	53
6.3	54	The “Voltage” SOC calculation algorithm calculates cells SOC based on the tabular dependence Uocv = Uocv(SOC, t °C).
1.1	55
6.3	56	The “Current and voltage (simplified)” SOC calculation algorithm works as follows:
1.1	57
	58	* if I = 0, the battery is in a state of relaxation and the cell voltage Uocv is outside the [U,,ocv[point 1],,; U,,ocv[point 2],,], the SOC calculation based on the tabular dependence Uocv = Uocv(SOC, t °C);
	59	* in any other cases, the SOC value is proportional to the charge (coulomb) passed through the battery (current time integral).
	60
6.3	61	The “Current and voltage (enhanced)” SOC calculation algorithm differs from the simplified algorithm by online correction of effective capacitance. When using this algorithm, it is necessary to fine tune the tabular dependence Uocv = Uocv (SOC, t °C).
1.1	62
	63	To change the algorithm for calculating the Final SOC, select the "Control → SOC estimation → Final SOC" section:
	64
2.1	65	[[image:1733746733478-414.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="167" width="800"]]
1.1	66
55.2	67	In this section:
1.1	68
55.2	69	* Algorithm:
	70	Voltage **– by open circuit voltage;
	71	Current and voltage (simplified)** – recommended for LFP cells;
	72	Current and voltage (enhanced)** – recommended for NMC cells:
	73	* Final SOC – method of calculating overall SOC of battery:
	74	Minimal SOC** – the battery SOC is assumed to be the minimum SOC among the cells;
	75	Average SOC** – the battery SOC is taken equal to the arithmetic average of the cell SOC;
	76	Min-Max SOC** – the battery SOC is calculated based on the minimum and maximum SOC of the cells (recommended). Final SOC will be a) 100% if __any cell__ has 100% SOC, b) 0% if __any cell__ has 0% SOC;
	77	Max-Min SOC** – the battery SOC is calculated based on the minimum and maximum SOC of the cells. Final SOC will be a) 100% if __all cells__ have 100% SOC, b) 0% if __all// //cells__ have 0% SOC.
	78	* Scale the final SOC – a flag to scale the battery SOC by the following values;
	79	* SOC corresponding to 0% – the battery SOC that sets to be 0%;
	80	* SOC corresponding to 100% – the battery SOC that sets to be 100%.
	81	* Uocv (open-circuit voltage) table – the dependence of the cell open circuit voltage Uocv on SOC and the cell temperature (selected for specific batteries);
	82	* Linear zone - linear zone of the Uocv = Uocv(SOC, t°C) dependency, inside which the cell voltage changes insignificantly:
	83	Linear zone: point 1** – starting point of the Uocv linear zone;
	84	Linear zone: point 2** – ending point of the Uocv linear zone;
	85	* Coulomb counting correction (temperature) – the dependence of battery capacity on temperature;
	86	* Coulomb counting correction (cycles) – the dependence of battery capacity on the number of charge-discharge cycles.
1.1	87
	88	=== SOC correction ===
	89
55.3	90	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can recalculate the battery SOC after long-term storage or after long-term working in the case when the battery was not charged fully or discharged totally. Recalculation is done based on the tabular dependency Uocv = Uocv (SOC, t) (see [[SOC estimation>>doc:\|\|anchor="HSOCestimation"]]).
1.1	91
	92	To configure parameters for periodically correcting the battery state of charge, select the "Control → SOC correction" section:
	93
2.1	94	[[image:1733746733483-444.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="160" width="800"]]
1.1	95
	96	In this section:
	97
55.3	98	* Enable – a flag to enable the SOC correction;
	99	* Shutdown period – a time the battery is off, day. If the BMS detects on its startup that it was off during the “Shutdown period” time, the BMS recalculates the battery state of charge based on the tabular dependency Uocv = Uocv (SOC, t);
	100	* Correction period – a period of correcting the battery SOC, day. If the BMS detects that the last correction was more than the “Correction period” ago, the BMS recalculates the battery state of charge based on the tabular dependency Uocv = Uocv (SOC, t) and tunes it gradually during the “SOC change time”.
	101	* SOC change time – a duration of the linear changing the battery SOC to the value calculated by the correction algorithm, minute;
	102	* Ignore the linear zone – a flag to ignore linear SOC zone while correction (recommended to be unset);
	103	* Last correction timestamp – time when last correction was made.
1.1	104
2.1	105	=== Resistance estimation ===
1.1	106
	107	Calculation of the resistance of cells is carried out in two ways. The first method is used when the battery passes from a relaxation state to a charge or discharge state, wherein the cell resistance value
	108
10.2	109	{{formula fontSize="SMALL" imageType="PNG"}}
	110	R = \frac{U-U_{ocv}}{I_{stable}}
	111	{{/formula}}
1.1	112
	113	where U is the cell voltage measured in the charge or discharge state, V; U,,ocv,, is the cell voltage measured in the state of relaxation (before switching to the state of charge or discharge); I,,stable,, – stabilized current through the cell in the state of charge or discharge.
	114
	115	The second method is used for a stepwise change in the current through the cell, while the value of the cell resistance:
	116
10.2	117	{{formula fontSize="SMALL"}}
	118	R = \frac{U_2-U_1}{I_{stable2}-I_{stable1}}
	119	{{/formula}}
1.1	120
10.2	121	provided that
1.1	122
10.2	123	{{formula fontSize="SMALL"}}
	124	\| I_{stable2}-I_{stable1} \| > 0.2 × Qmax
	125	{{/formula}}
1.1	126
10.2	127	where Q,,max,, — the maximum cell capacity,U,,2,, — voltage on the cell at the moment when the stabilized current I,,stable2,, is flowing through it; U,,1,, — the voltage on the cell at the moment when the stabilized current I,,stable1,, flowing through it.
	128
1.1	129	The stabilized current I,,stable,, = I, if during the stabilization time the instantaneous current I is in the range from 0.95 × I to 1.05 × I.
	130
	131	To change parameters of the algorithm for calculating the cell resistance, select the "Control → Resistance estimation" section:
	132
2.1	133	[[image:1733746733484-681.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="104" width="800"]]
1.1	134
	135	In this section:
	136
55.3	137	* Current stabilization time, millisecond;
	138	* Maximum calculation period – maximum time between resistance measurements. If more time has elapsed since the last determination of the stabilized current I,,stable,, than is determined in this field, the resistance calculation is not performed, second;
	139	* Maximum resistance factor – the coefficient of calculation of the maximum acceptable resistance of the cell;
	140	* Minimum SOC – minimum cell SOC value for resistance calculation;
	141	* Maximum SOC – maximum cell SOC value for resistance calculation.
1.1	142
3.1	143	The calculated resistance is accepted by the system as valid (and therefore updated) if its value is in the range from Resistance/2 to “Maximum resistance factor” × Resistance, where "Resistance" is the nominal resistance of the cell (see [[Common settings>>doc:\|\|anchor="HCommonsettings"]]). If the calculated resistance value is greater than the value (Maximum resistance factor × Resistance), the updated resistance value will be equal to the value (Maximum resistance factor × Resistance).
1.1	144
10.2	145	=== Low SOC (signal) ===
	146
55.4	147	The "Low SOC" is indicative signal that can be assigned to a discrete output or a power switch.
	148
10.2	149	To change the parameters of the generation a signal about low battery level, select the "Control → Low SOC (signal)" section:
	150
	151	[[image:1740396460923-423.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="141" width="800"]]
	152
	153	In this section:
	154
55.3	155	* Enable – a flag to enable signal generation;
	156	* Minimum SOC, %;
	157	* Tolerant SOC, %;
	158	* Delay before setting the signal, second;
	159	* Delay before clearing the signal, second;
	160	* Lock – lock the signal until the device is reset.
10.2	161
	162	Signal generation conditions:
	163
	164	* the battery SOC is less than the “Minimum SOC” value during the “Delay before setting the signal” time.
	165
	166	Conditions for clearing the signal:
	167
	168	* the battery SOC is greater than the “Tolerant SOC” during the “Delay before clearing the signal” time.
	169
12.2	170	=== High charging current (signal) ===
	171
55.4	172	The "High charging current" is indicative signal that can be output to a discrete output or a power switch.
	173
12.2	174	To change the parameters of the generation high-current signal, select the "Control → High charging current (signal)" section:
	175
	176	[[image:1740396996935-403.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="144" width="800"]]
	177
	178	In this section:
	179
55.4	180	* Enable – a flag to enable signal generation;
	181	* Maximum charging current, А;
	182	* Tolerant charging current, А;
	183	* Delay before setting the signal, second;
	184	* Delay before clearing the signal, second;
	185	* Lock – lock the signal until the device is reset.
12.2	186
	187	Signal generation conditions:
	188
	189	* the measured current is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value during the “Delay before setting the signal” time.
	190
	191	Conditions for clearing the signal:
	192
	193	* the measured current is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value during the “Delay before clearing the signal” time.
	194
1.1	195	=== Charge map ===
	196
55.3	197	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device calculates maximum allowable charge current values in respect to SOC, battery temperature, contactor temperature and cell voltage.
1.1	198
55.4	199	Calculated current values are sent to a charger or an intellectual load over the CAN bus. External devices based on received data provide correct battery operation.
1.1	200
	201	To configure parameters for determining the charge current limit, select the "Control → Charge map" section:
	202
15.2	203	[[image:1740397188247-315.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="179" width="800"]]
1.1	204	In this section:
	205
55.4	206	* Enable – a flag to start calculation of the charge current limit;
	207	* Maximum charge current – a maximum allowable value of the charge current (under normal conditions), A;
	208	* Rate of change – a rate of change the current limit to a new value (0 is for immediate change), A/s;
	209	* Option 1: Limit charge current by the battery SOC and temperature – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable charging current Kcs depending on __maximum cell SOC__ and battery temperature;
	210	* Option 1: SOC x Temperature x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on SOC and battery temperature;
	211	* Option 2: Limit charge current by the contactor temperature – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable charging current Kcc depending on contactor temperature;
	212	* Option 2: Contactor temperature x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on SOC and contactor temperature;
	213	* Option 3: Limit charge current by the maximum cell voltage – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable charging current Kcv depending on __the maximum cell U,,ocv,, voltage__ (corrected due to current and cell resistance)
	214	* Option 3: Cell voltage x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on maximum cell voltage;
	215	* Option 4: Limit charge current by the cell temperature – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable charging current Kct depending on maximum cell temperature;
	216	* Option 4: Cell temperature x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on maximum cell temperature.
1.1	217
15.2	218	Value of the charge current limit at given SOC, temperature, contactors temperature, maximum cell voltage and maximum cell temperature is calculated as follows:
1.1	219
15.2	220	Charge current limit = Maximum charge current × Kcs × Kcc × Kcv × Kct
1.1	221
	222	=== Discharge map ===
	223
55.3	224	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device calculates maximum allowable discharge current values in respect to SOC, battery temperature, contactor temperature and cell voltage.
1.1	225
	226	Calculated current values are sending to a charger or an intellectual load over the CAN bus.
	227
	228	To configure parameters for determining the discharge current limit, select the "Control → Discharge map" section:
	229
19.2	230	[[image:1740397304972-174.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="182" width="800"]]
1.1	231
	232	In this section:
	233
56.2	234	* Enable – a flag to start calculation of the discharge current limit;
	235	* Maximum discharge current – a maximum allowable value of the discharge current (under normal conditions), A;
	236	* Rate of change – a rate of change the current limit to a new value (0 is for immediate change), A/s;
	237	* Option 1: Limit discharging current by the battery SOC and temperature – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable discharging current Kds depending on __minimum cell SOC__ and temperature;
	238	* Option 1: SOC x Temperature x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on SOC and battery temperature;
	239	* Option 2: Limit discharge current by the contactor temperature – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable discharging current Kdc depending on contactor temperature;
	240	* Option 2: Contactor temperature x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on SOC and contactor temperature;
	241	* Option 3: Limit discharge current by the cell voltage – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable discharging current Kdv depending on __the minimum cell U,,ocv,, voltage__ (corrected due to current and cell resistance)
	242	* Option 3: Cell voltage x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on minimum cell voltage;
	243	* Option 4: Limit discharge current by the cell temperature – a flag to enable correction of maximum allowable discharging current Kdt depending on maximum cell temperature;
	244	* Option 4: Cell voltage x Factor – the dependence of the correction factor on minimum cell temperature.
1.1	245
19.2	246	Value of the discharge current limit at given SOC, temperature, contactors temperature, minimum cell voltage and maximum cell temperature is calculated as follows:
1.1	247
19.2	248	Discharge current limit = Maximum discharge current × Kds × Kdc × Kdv × Kdt
1.1	249
19.2	250	=== Main contactor ===
1.1	251
56.2	252	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device controls the main contactor. The main contactor is usually placed in the common (minus) battery line for opening the charge and discharge circuits in case of sealing of the charging or discharging contactors.
1.1	253
19.2	254	The Main contactor algorithm supports the following modes:
1.1	255
56.2	256	In “Always on” mode main contactor closes if all the following is true:
1.1	257
19.2	258	* Other contactors are open;
56.2	259	* There are __no errors__ from the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfileds.
19.2	260
56.2	261	and opens if all the following is true:
19.2	262
	263	* Other contactors are open;
56.2	264	* There is __an error__ from the the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfileds.
19.2	265
56.2	266	In “Automatic” mode, the main contactor closes by internal algorithms at the same time with other contactors.
19.2	267
56.2	268	In “On demand” mode, the main contactor closes by external the “Close Main contactor” request.
19.2	269
	270	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	271	(((
	272	Note: when errors occur in the system, the Main contactor opens either immediately or with the delay T,,off,, (depends on the settings described below).
	273	)))
	274
	275	To change the parameters of the main contactor, select the "Control → Main contactor" section:
	276
56.3	277	[[image:1777563933065-421.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
19.2	278
	279	In this section:
	280
56.3	281	* Enable – a flag to enable the main contactor control;
	282	* Algorithm – main contactor control algorithm:
	283	Always on** – contactor is always closed;
	284	Automatic** – contactor closes by internal charge and discharge algorithms;
	285	On demand** – contactor is closed by an external request;
	286	* Time to keep the contactor closed before closing the others – a time for other contactors to be open after the main contactor is closed;
	287	* Delay before opening the contactor – a time which is used to detect conditions for opening the contactor, s;
	288	* Keep the contactor open until the device is restarted – a flag for keeping the main contactor open until the system is reset;
	289	* Errors 1, 2 to open the main contactor – bitfields to choose the errors which will open the main contactor.
19.2	290
23.2	291	=== Charging status ===
	292
	293	To change the parameters of charging process status, select the "Control → Charging status" section:
	294
59.1	295	[[image:1777564109089-225.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="156" width="800"]]
23.2	296	In this section:
	297
56.3	298	* Current to set the "Charging current present" – a current level to generate the "Charging current present" signal, A;
59.1	299	* Current to clear the "Charging current present" – a current level to clear the "Charging current present" signal, A;
	300	* Use actual voltage to generate the "Ready to charge" signal – a flag to disable voltage correction for "Ready to charge" signal;
	301	* Use actual voltage to generate the "Ready to charge" signal if the current is negative – a flag to disable voltage correction for "Ready to charge" signal only at discharging current;
	302	* Voltage to clear the “Ready to charge” – a threshold U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) voltage level on the cell, V; if the voltage of any cell is above this level, the “Ready to charge” (hence, the “Allow charging”) signal is cleared;
	303	* Voltage to reset the “Ready to charge” – a tolerant U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) voltage level on the cell, V; if all cell voltages are below the tolerant level, the “Ready to charge” (hence, the “Allow charging”) signal is set;
	304	* Delay before recharging – a time after which the previously opened the allow charging contactor closes again, minute; to disable the operation by timeout set "Delay before recharging" to 0;
	305	* Check the 'Charge current limit' value to generate the 'Ready to charge' – a flag to enable check of "Charging current limit" to generate the "Ready to charge" signal;
	306	* Charge current limit to clear the 'Ready to charge' – a threshold charging current limit value, A; if the limit is //above //this level, the “Ready to charge” signal is cleared;
	307	* Charge current limit to set the 'Ready to charge' – a tolerant charging current limit value, A; if the limit is //below //this level, the “Ready to charge” signal is set;
	308	* Errors 1, 2 to clear the "Ready to charge" – bitfields to choose the errors which will clear the "Ready to charge" signal.
23.2	309
	310	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	311	(((
59.1	312	Note: The "Allow charging" signal activates under two independent conditions:
23.2	313	1) the voltage on the cells reaches the “Voltage to reset the “Ready to charge"” level and
	314	2) the "Delay before recharging" time has passed since the opening of the allow charging contactor.
	315	)))
	316
	317	=== Discharging status ===
	318
	319	To change the parameters of discharging process status, select the "Control → Discharging status" section:
	320
49.1	321	[[image:1762774840204-111.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="146" width="800"]]In this section:
23.2	322
59.1	323	* Current to set the "Discharging current present" – a current level to generate the "Discharging current present" signal, А;
	324	* Current to clear the "Discharging current present" – a current level to clear the "Discharging current present" signal, А;
	325	* Use actual voltage to generate the "Ready to discharge" signal – a flag to disable voltage correction for "Ready to discharge" signal;
	326	* Use actual voltage to generate the "Ready to discharge" signal if the current is positive – a flag to disable voltage correction for "Ready to discharge" signal only at charging current;
	327	* Voltage to clear the “Ready to discharge” – a threshold U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) voltage level on the cell, V; if the voltage of any cell is below this level, the “Ready to discharge” signal is cleared;
	328	* Voltage to reset the “Ready to discharge” – a tolerant U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) voltage level on the cell, V; if all cells voltages are above the tolerant level, the “Ready to discharge” signal is set;
	329	* Check the 'Discharge current limit' value to generate the 'Ready to discharge' – a flag to enable check of "Discharging current limit" to generate the "Ready to discharge" signal;
	330	* Discharge current limit to clear the 'Ready to discharge' – a threshold discharging current limit value, A; if the limit is //above //this level, the “Ready to discharge” signal is cleared;
	331	* Discharge current limit to set the 'Ready to discharge' – a tolerant discharging current limit value, A; if the limit is //below //this level, the “Ready to discharge” signal is set;
	332	* Clear the 'Ready to discharge' signal if the 'Low SOC' signal is set;
	333	* Errors 1, 2 to clear the "Ready to discharge" – bitfields to choose the errors which will clear the "Ready to discharge" signal.
23.2	334
	335	=== Precharge ===
	336
59.1	337	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can control the precharge contactor. The precharge contactor is used to charge the intermediate capacity with low current and usually placed with the limiting resistor in parallel to charging or discharging contactor.
23.2	338
59.1	339	BMS Mini S / BMS Mini can check the preacharge process only by monitoring the current.
23.2	340
59.1	341	In simple mode precharge contactor closes a "Precharge time" before the closing of Charge or Discharge contactors and opens after the same amount of time after closing them.
	342
	343	In enhanced mode precharge contactor will wait until the current of voltage difference requirements are met and close the Charge or Discharge contactors only after that. If waiting time is greater than "Precharge time" value, an error will be generated. Precharge contactor will open after "Precharge time" after closing the Charge of Discharge contactors.
	344
	345	Also BMS Mini S / BMS Mini can measure the power dissipated on precharge resistor and generate an error if it is greater than configured limit.
	346
49.1	347	To change the parameters of precharge contactor, select the "Control → Precharge" section:
	348
38.3	349	[[image:1754931813173-804.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="172" width="800"]]
23.2	350
49.1	351	In this section:
23.2	352
59.1	353	* Precharge current threshold to finish precharging – a minimum current value at which precharging process assumed to be finished, A;
	354	* Keep the precharging relay closed until precharge is finished – a flag to ignore the Precharge time and wait precharging to finish before open precharge relay;
	355	* Number of precharging attempts – maximum number of precharging attempts before setting the "Precharge error";
	356	* Delay before current measurement – a delay before first current measurement after closing precharge, millisecond;
	357	* Precharge time – a duration of closing the precharge contactor before closing the discharging contactor, millisecond;
	358	* Relaxation between attempts – a duration between precharge attempts, millisecond;
	359	* Check the power dissipated in the preacharge resistor - a flag to enable the calculation of power dissipated in precharge resistor;
	360	* Precharge resistor resistance, Ohm;
	361	* Maximum allowable power dissipated in the resistor, W;
	362	* Delay before setting the "Precharge error" when checking power, millisecond;
	363	* Delay before clearing the "Precharge error", second;
	364	* Lock the "Precharge error" – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
23.2	365
	366	“Precharge error” generation conditions if any of the following is true:
	367
	368	* the precharge current does not decrease during the "Precharge time" after "Number of precharging attempts";
	369	* power dissipated on the precharge resistor is above the maximum value during the “Delay before setting the 'Precharge error' when checking power” time.
	370
	371	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	372	(((
	373	Behavior of contactors at “Precharge error” is configured in corresponding contactor settings!
	374	)))
	375
1.1	376	=== Charge ===
	377
59.1	378	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device connect battery to the charger using the "Charging" signal.
1.1	379
59.1	380	BMS Mini S / BMS Mini supports three charge control algorithms:
1.1	381
59.1	382	If the "Always on" algorithm is selected, the "Сharging" signal is always set. If at least one of the errors from the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields appears or one of the signals:
1.1	383
24.2	384	* Service reset;
	385	* Power down request;
	386	* Inhibit charging,
1.1	387
59.1	388	the "Charging" signal is cleared.
1.1	389
24.2	390	When the algorithm "On charger connected" is selected, the control is performed as follows:
1.1	391
59.1	392	* If there is a signal “Charger connected” and there are no errors (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then through the delay time T,,on,, the "Charging" signal is set;
	393	* If the signal “Charger connected” disappears or errors occur (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then after the delay time T,,off,, the "Charging" signal is cleared.
1.1	394
24.2	395	When the "On charge request" algorithm selected, the control is performed as follows:
1.1	396
59.1	397	* If there is a signal “Charge request” and there are no errors (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then through the delay time T,,on,, the "Charging" signal is set;
	398	* If the signal “Charge request” disappears or errors occur (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then after the delay time T,,off,, the "Charging" signal is cleared;
1.1	399
59.1	400	Note: when errors occur in the system, the "Charing" signal is cleared either immediately or with the delay T,,off,, (depends on the settings described below).
1.1	401
	402	To change the parameters of the battery charge control algorithm, select the "Control → Charge" section:
	403
24.2	404	[[image:1740399363134-722.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="306" width="800"]]
1.1	405
	406	In this section:
	407
59.1	408	* Enable – a flag to activate the charge control;
	409	* Algorithm:
	410	Always on** – charging is always allowed;
	411	On charger connected** – charging is allowed when there is a signal “Charger connected”;
	412	On charge request** – charging is allowed when there is a signal “Charge request”;
	413	* Allow charging only when the "Ready to charge" signal is set – charging contactor will open if "Ready to charge" signal is cleared;
	414	* Delay before starting charging – a time delay T,,on,, before closing the charging contactor and the allow charging contactor, millisecond;
	415	* Delay before stopping charging – a time delay T,,off,, before opening the charging contactor, millisecond;
	416	* Control the precharging contactor – a flag that allows control of the precharging contactor while closing the charge contactor (see [[Precharge>>url:https://docs.movicomelectric.com/bin/view/Battery%20management%20systems/BMS%20Main%203/3.%20Configuration/3.3%20Control/?language=en#HPrecharge]]);
	417	* Errors 1, 2 to open the charging contactor – bitfields to choose the errors which will open the charging contactor;
	418	* Use custom delays before stopping charging (on errors) – a flag to enable manual settings of time delays T,,off,, for specific errors;
	419	* Custom delay: <error> – delay for specific error, millisecond;
	420	* Switch off the charging contactor on errors without delay – a flag to protectively open the charging contactor without a delay. In the opposite case, when an error is detected, the charging contactor opens always with the delay “Delay before stopping charging”.
1.1	421
	422	=== Discharge ===
	423
59.1	424	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device connect battery to the load using the "Discharging" signal.
1.1	425
59.1	426	BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device supports three algorithms to control battery discharging:
1.1	427
59.1	428	When the algorithm "Always on" is selected, the "Discharging" signal is always set. If at least one of the errors from the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields appears or one of the signals:
1.1	429
25.2	430	* Service reset
	431	* Power down request
	432	* Inhibit discharging
1.1	433
59.1	434	the "Discharging" signal is cleared.
1.1	435
25.2	436	If the algorithm "On charger disconnected" is selected, the control is performed as follows:
1.1	437
59.1	438	* if there are no “Charger connected” and "Charging" signals and there are no errors (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then through the delay time T,,on,, the "Discharging" signal is set;
	439	* If the signal “Charger connected” appears or errors occur (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then after the delay time T,,off,, the "Discharging" signal is cleared.
1.1	440
25.2	441	When the "On discharge request" algorithm selected, the control is performed as follows:
1.1	442
59.1	443	* if there is signal “Discharge request” and there are no errors (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then through the delay time T,,on,, the "Discharging" signal is set;
	444	* If the signal “Discharge request” disappears or errors occur (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then after the delay time T,,off,, the "Discharging" signal is cleared.
1.1	445
2.1	446	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	447	(((
59.1	448	Note: when errors occur in the system, the "Discharge" signal is cleared either immediately or with the delay T,,off,, (depends on the settings described below).
2.1	449	)))
1.1	450
	451	To change the parameters of the battery discharge control algorithm, select the "Control → Discharge" section:
	452
25.2	453	[[image:1740399783613-216.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="311" width="800"]]
1.1	454
	455	In this section:
	456
59.1	457	* Enable – a flag to activate the discharge control;
	458	* Algorithm:
	459	Always on** – load is always connected;
	460	On charger disconnected** – load is connected when there is no signal “Charger connected”;
	461	On discharge request** – load is connected when there is signal “Discharge request”;
	462	* Allow charging only when the "Ready to discharge" signal is set – discharging contactor will open if "Ready to discharge" signal is cleared;
	463	* Delay before starting discharging – a time delay T,,on,, before closing the discharging contactor, millisecond;
	464	* Delay before stopping discharging – a time delay T,,off,, before opening the discharging contactor, millisecond;
	465	* Control the precharging contactor – a flag that allows control of the precharging contactor while closing the discharge contactor (see [[Precharge>>url:https://docs.movicomelectric.com/bin/view/Battery%20management%20systems/BMS%20Main%203/3.%20Configuration/3.3%20Control/?language=en#HPrecharge]]);
	466	* Errors 1, 2 to open the discharging contactor – bitfields to choose the errors which will open the discharging contactor;
	467	* Use custom delays before stopping discharging (on errors) – a flag to enable manual settings of time delays T,,off,, for specific errors;
	468	* Custom delay: <error> – specific error delay, millisecond;
	469	* Switch off the discharging contactor on errors without delay – a flag to protectively open the discharging contactor without a delay. In the opposite case, when an error is detected, the discharging contactor opens always with the delay “Delay before stopping discharging”.
1.1	470
	471	=== Charge/Discharge ===
	472
59.1	473	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can control the contactor, used in power line both used for connecting battery to charger and load, by using the "Charging/Discharging" signal.
1.1	474
59.1	475	"Charging/Discharging" signal has three algorithms of operation:
1.1	476
59.1	477	On Dependent (on Charging and Discharging signals) algorithm the "Charging/Discharging" signal depends on Charge and Discharge controllers and equal to:
27.2	478
59.1	479	* "Charging" signal if "Charging" signal is set;
	480	* "Discharging" signal in other cases.
27.2	481
59.1	482	When Independent (Always) algorithm is selected, the "Charging/Discharging" signal is always set. If at least one of the errors from the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields appears or one of the signals:
	483
	484	* Service reset
	485	* Power down request
	486	* Inhibit charging
	487	* Inhibit discharging
	488
	489	the Charging/Discharging signal is cleared.
	490
	491	On Independent (on Charge request or Discharge request) algorithm "Charging/Discharging" signal is based on its own controller and performs as follows:
	492
	493	* if there is "Charge request" or "Discharge request" signal and there are no errors (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then through the delay time T,,on,, the Charging/Discharging signal is set;
	494	* If the "Charge request" and "Discharge request" disappears or errors occur (see the "Errors 1, 2 ..." bitfields), then after the delay time T,,off,, the "Charging/Discharging" signal is cleared.
	495
27.2	496	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	497	(((
59.1	498	Note: when errors occur in the system, the Charge/Discharge contactor opens either immediately or with the delay T,,off,, (depends on the settings described below).
27.2	499	)))
	500
1.1	501	The charging/discharging contactor control is configured in the “Control – Charge/Discharge” section:
	502
27.2	503	[[image:1740400166950-906.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="211" width="800"]]
1.1	504
27.2	505	In this section:
	506
59.1	507	* Enable – a flag to enable the charge/discharge controller.
	508	* Algorithm:
	509	Dependent (on Charging and Discharging signals)** - Charge/Discharge contactor depends on Charge and Discharge algorithms and their signals and behaves as Charging contactor if Charging signal is set, otherwise – as Discharging contactor;
	510	Independent (Always)** - Charge/Discharge contactor is always closed if there is no errors;
	511	Independent (on Charge request or Discharge request)**;
	512	* Delay before starting charging or discharging, millisecond;
	513	* Delay before stopping charging or discharging, millisecond;
	514	* Control the precharging contactor – a flag that enables control of precharging contactor while closing the charge/discharge contactor;
	515	* Emulate the "Charging" and "Discharging" signals – a flag to enable generation of "Charging" and "Discharging" signals in Independet mode when closing Charge/Discharge contactor. DO NOT use with enabled Charge and Discharge controllers;
	516	* Errors 1, 2 to prevent CHARGING through charging/discharging contactor, Errors 1, 2 to prevent DISCHARGING through charging/discharging contactor – bitfields to choose the errors which will open the charging/discharging contactor. This bitfields are combined by bitwise OR and intended to separate settings for charging and discharging processes;
	517	* Errors 1, 2 which affect the contactor only if battery CHARGING is detected – a bitfield to choose the errors which will trigger only if charging current is present. This bitfield is combined with "Errors 1, 2 to prevent CHARGING through charging/discharging contactor" by bitwise AND;
	518	* Errors 1, 2 which affect the contactor only if battery DISCHARGING is detected – a bitfield to choose the errors which will trigger only if discharging current is present. This bitfield is combined with "Errors 1, 2 to prevent DISCHARGING through charging/discharging contactor" by bitwise AND;
	519	* Switch off the charging/discharging contactor on errors without delay – a flag to protectively open the charging/discharging contactor without a delay. In the opposite case, when an error is detected, the charging/discharging contactor opens always with the delay “Delay before stopping discharging”.
1.1	520
	521	=== Discharge (AUX) ===
	522
55.3	523	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can control the power supply of external equipment using the auxiliary (AUX) discharging contactor. An example of external equipment can be an inverter that converts DC to AC to power a service laptop and other devices.
1.1	524
	525	The power supply circuit of the external equipment using the auxiliary (AUX) discharging contactor is independent of the battery load circuit. The closing and opening of the auxiliary (AUX) discharging contactor is performed according to its program.
	526
	527	If the power supply function of the external equipment is enabled, the auxiliary (AUX) discharging contactor closes. The opening of this contactor occurs on three independent conditions:
	528
	529	* the battery has low SOC;
	530	* the battery voltage is out of range;
	531	* the battery system errors are detected.
	532
	533	To change the parameters of the powering of external equipment, select the "Control → Discharge (AUX)" section:
	534
59.1	535	[[image:1740400254884-851.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="179" width="800"]]
1.1	536
	537	In this section:
	538
59.1	539	* Enable – a flag to activate the auxiliary discharge control;
	540	* Switch off the discharging (AUX) contactor if the SOC is too low;
	541	* Minimum SOC – a minimum SOC value, when reached, the auxiliary (AUX) discharging contactor opens, %;
	542	* Tolerant SOC – a permissive SOC value, upon reaching which the auxiliary (AUX) discharging contactor re-closes, %;
	543	* Switch off the discharging (AUX) contactor if the cell voltage is out of the range;
	544	* Minimum cell voltage, V;
	545	* Maximum cell voltage, V;
	546	* Switch off the discharging (AUX) contactor if the battery voltage is out of the range;
	547	* Minimum battery voltage, V;
	548	* Maximum battery voltage, V;
	549	* Errors 1, 2 to open the auxiliary discharging contactor – bitfields to choose the errors which will open the auxiliary discharging contactor.
1.1	550
	551	=== Cell balancing ===
	552
30.2	553	Balancing makes the voltage of all cells equal to the minimum cell voltage.
1.1	554
59.1	555	The following balancing rules are supported:
1.1	556
59.1	557	* Balance on charge – perform balancing when the battery is charging (current I > 0) and time after until the battery is relaxed;
	558	* Balance on charge or relaxed – perform balancing when the battery is charging (current I > 0) or when the battery is in a state of relaxation ;
	559	* Balance always regardless of battery state.
1.1	560
30.2	561	A balancing resistor is connected to the cell if the following conditions are simultaneously met:
1.1	562
30.2	563	* the voltage on the cell is higher than the balancing start voltage;
	564	* the difference between the voltage on the cell and the minimum voltage among the battery cells is greater than the balancing start threshold;
1.1	565
30.2	566	A balancing resistor is disconnected from the cell if any of the following conditions are met:
	567
	568	* the voltage on the cell is less than the balancing stop voltage;
	569	* the difference between the voltage on the cell and the minimum voltage among the battery cells is less than the balancing stop threshold.
	570
2.1	571	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	572	(((
30.2	573	If the “High logic temperature” occurs, then the balancing of the cells connected to the overheated BMS Logic device will not be performed.
2.1	574	)))
1.1	575
59.1	576	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can enable the cell balancing by the external “Balancing request” signal. Balancing process will be started to cells which the voltage is higher than the balancing start voltage and the difference between the cell voltage and the minimum voltage among all the cells is greater than the balancing stop threshold.
30.2	577
59.1	578	BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can force balancing of the cell, if its voltage is higher than estimated value.
30.2	579
1.1	580	To change the cell balancing parameters, select the "Control → Cell balancing" section:
	581
28.2	582	[[image:1740404562825-676.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="168" width="800"]]
59.1	583
1.1	584	In this section:
	585
59.1	586	* Enable – a flag to enable cell balancing;
	587	* Balancing rule:
	588	Balance on charge** – balancing is performed while and after the charging (in the “Charge ON” and “Charge OFF” states);
	589	Balance on charge or relaxed** - balancing is performed while and after the charging and in the relaxed state (in “Charge ON”, “Charge OFF”, “Relaxed (after charging)” and “Relaxed (after discharging)” states);
	590	Balance always** – balancing is always performed regardless the battery state;
	591	* Balancing condition:
	592	Automatic **– balancing will be performed automatically if needed conditions are met;
	593	On balancing request** – balancing will start only if a remote request is received. In this case cells will start to balance regardless the "Voltage deviation to start balancing" value;
	594	* Minimum cell voltage to start balancing, V;
	595	* Voltage deviation to start balancing;
	596	* Voltage deviation to stop balancing;
	597	* Voltage to start forced balancing – if cell voltage is above this value, it will start discharging through balancing resistor;
	598	* Voltage to stop forced balancing – if cell voltage is below this value, it will stop discharging through balancing resistor;
	599	* Maximum allowable temperature of BMS Logic devices, ºC;
	600	* Command to discharge all cells – a flag to force the balancing of all cells.
1.1	601
	602	=== Power down ===
	603
55.3	604	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can shut down itself if the battery voltage is low or the battery is idle for a long time.
1.1	605
	606	Shutting down the battery system is performed according to the following conditions:
	607
	608	* the battery voltage is below the minimum level;
	609	* the “Charger connected” signal is cleared for 60 seconds.
	610
59.1	611	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device also shuts down the battery if it stays for a long time in the “Charging OFF”, “Discharging OFF”, “Relaxed (after charging)” or “Relaxed (after discharging)” state.
1.1	612
	613	To change the parameters of the power down control, select the "Control → Power down" section:
	614
30.2	615	[[image:1740404859367-943.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="130" width="800"]]
1.1	616	In this section:
	617
59.1	618	* Minimum voltage to power down – a minimum voltage level of the battery below which the BMS commands to shut down the battery, V;
	619	* Idle time to power down – a time of battery inactivity after which the battery is shut down, minute;
	620	* Wait the "Power up/down request" is cleared (on startup) – a flag to enable delay for clearing the “Power up/down request” signal while starting the BMS.
	621	* Delay before setting the internal power down signal – a delay before turning off the device power when removing KEYRUN and CHARGE_ON or receiving the “Power down request” command, ms.
1.1	622
	623	=== Heater ===
	624
	625	To change the parameters of the heater control algorithm, select the "Control → Heater" section:
	626
52.2	627	[[image:1777293968000-235.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="141" width="800"]]
1.1	628	In this section:
	629
59.1	630	* Enable – a flag to enable the heater control;
	631	* Minimum cell temperature, °C;
	632	* Tolerant cell temperature, °C;
	633	* Start the heater only if "Charger connected" signal is set;
	634	* Delay before starting the heater, millisecond;
	635	* Delay before stopping the heater, millisecond;
	636	* Errors 1, 2 to open the heater – bitfields to choose the errors which will open the heater.
1.1	637
	638	As a result of operating the heating algorithm, the “Heater” signal is generated.
	639
	640	Conditions for signal generation:
	641
59.1	642	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell temperature” value during the “Delay before starting the heater” time;
	643	* there are no errors from "Errors 1, 2..." bitfields.
1.1	644
	645	Conditions for clearing the signal:
	646
59.1	647	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell temperature” value during the “Delay before stopping the heater” time;
	648	* there is an error from "Errors 1, 2..." bitfields.
1.1	649
2.1	650	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	651	(((
1.1	652	If there is the "Heater" signal, the heater contactor closes and/or a signal is output to the corresponded digital output.
2.1	653	)))
1.1	654
	655	=== Cooler ===
	656
	657	To change the parameters of the cooler control algorithm, select the "Control → Cooler" section:
	658
	659
31.2	660	[[image:1740405145695-704.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="149" width="800"]]
59.1	661
1.1	662	In this section:
	663
59.1	664	* Enable – a flag to enable the cooler control;
	665	* Maximum cell temperature, °C;
	666	* Tolerant cell temperature, °C;
	667	* Delay before starting the cooler, millisecond;
	668	* Delay before stopping the cooler, millisecond;
	669	* Errors 1, 2 to open the cooler – bitfields to choose the errors which will open the cooler.
1.1	670
	671	As a result of operating the cooling algorithm, the "Cooler" signal is generated.
	672
	673	Conditions for signal generation:
	674
59.1	675	* the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell temperature” value during the “Delay before starting the cooler” time;
	676	* there are no errors from "Errors 1, 2..." bitfields.
1.1	677
	678	Conditions for clearing the signal:
	679
59.1	680	* the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell temperature” value during the “Delay before stopping the cooler” time;
	681	* there is an error from "Errors 1, 2..." bitfields.
1.1	682
2.1	683	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	684	(((
1.1	685	If there is the "Cooler" signal, the cooler contactor closes and/or a signal is output to the corresponded digital output.
2.1	686	)))
1.1	687
	688	=== Cell analysis ===
	689
	690	Discharge characteristics of the battery – the dependence Uocv = Uocv (DOD) – is used to determine the tabular dependence Uocv = Uocv (SOC, t °C), which is necessary for calculating the state of charge of the battery.
	691
55.3	692	The BMS Mini S / BMS Mini device can automatically determine the battery discharge characteristic.
1.1	693
	694	Before starting the process of determining the discharge characteristic, it is necessary to prepare a BMS:
	695
	696	1. Charge the battery.
	697	1. Connect a resistive load to the discharging contactor, which will provide a discharge current of 0.5C (where C is the cell capacitance).
	698
	699	To configure parameters for determining the discharge characteristic of the battery, select the "Control → Cell analysis" section:
	700
2.1	701	[[image:1733746808498-116.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="103" width="800"]]
1.1	702
	703	In this section:
	704
59.1	705	* Enable – a flag to enable cell analysis;
	706	* Discharge step, Ah;
	707	* Delta voltage – a maximum allowable voltage drop for the cell, V;
	708	* Cell index – a position of the analyzed cell;
	709	* Analyse the most discharged cell – a flag to analyse of the least charged cell (in this case, the values “Logic index” and “Cell index” are ignored).
1.1	710
59.1	711	Discharge step should be set equal to С/21, where C is the cell capacity.
1.1	712
59.1	713	The discharge characteristic will be constructed for the given cell (its position is determined by the fields “Logic index” and “Cell index”).
1.1	714
	715	The algorithm for determining the discharge characteristic of the battery will be started if the “Enable” flag is set. From this moment, the control of the discharge contactor is performed by this algorithm.
	716
	717	Algorithm steps:
	718
	719	1. DOD = 0.
	720	1. Opening the discharging contactor.
	721	1. Waiting for the relaxation of the battery.
	722	1. Measuring Uocv = U.
	723	1. Saving the point of the discharge characteristic (Q, U,,OCV,,).
	724	1. Closing of the discharging contactor. DOD,,1,, = DOD + Discharge step, U,,1,, = U
	725	1. If DOD = DOD,,1,, or U < (U,,1,, – Delta voltage), then go to step 2.
	726	1. If the "Undervoltage" error is detected, then the end of the algorithm.
	727
	728	During the operation of the algorithm, a file with the name "CELLANALYSIS.TXT" in the CSV format will be created on the SD card.
	729
	730	File structure:
	731
	732	\|Time\|DOD\|Cell\|OCV\|Resistance
	733	\|10.11.2017 12:28:34\|0.0\|1\|4.180\|0.080000
	734	\|...\|...\|…\|...\|...
	735
	736	Parameter names:
	737
	738	* Time – date and time;
	739	* DOD – depth of discharge, Ah;
	740	* Cell – position of the analyzed cell for which OCV and Resistance values are provided;
	741	* OCV – cell voltage Uocv, V;
2.1	742	* Resistance – cell resistance, Ohm.

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