Monitoring
Battery
Battery parameters are summarized in the "Battery" section:
In this section:
- Voltage – voltage of the battery, V;
- Current – current of the battery, A;
- Internal resistance – internal resistance of the battery, Ohm;
- Main voltage – supply voltage on the BMS, V;
- Power switch voltage – supply voltage on the power switches, V;
- Board temperature – internal temperature of the BMS, °C;
- Board humidity – relative humidity measured by the BMS, %;
- Temperature 1, 2 – temperature measured by the external temperature sensors, °C;
- Number of Logic devices – number of connected Logic devices;
- Logic command rate – number of commands transmitted to Logic devices, com/s;
- Minimum Logic temperature – minimum temperature among Logic devices, °C;
- # of Logic with minimum temperature – number of Logic with minimum temperature;
- Maximum Logic temperature – minimum temperature among Logic devices, °C;
- # of Logic with maximum temperature – number of Logic with maximum temperature;
- Number of cells – number of connected cells;
- Average cell temperature, °C;
- Minimum cell temperature, °C;
- # of Logic with minimum cell temperature – number of Logic with minimum cell temperature;
- # of cell with minimum temperature – number of cell with minimum temperature;
- Maximum cell temperature, °C;
- # of Logic with maximum cell temperature – number of Logic with maximum cell temperature;
- # of cell with maximum temperature – number of cell with maximum temperature;
- Minimum cell voltage, V;
- # of Logic with minimum cell voltage – number of Logic with minimum voltage;
- # of cell with minimum voltage – number of cell with minimum voltage;
- Maximum cell voltage, V;
- # of Logic with maximum cell voltage – number of Logic with maximum voltage;
- # of cell with maximum voltage – number of cell with maximum voltage;
- Minimum cell SOC, %;
- # of Logic with minimum cell SOC – number of Logic with minimum SOC;
- # of cell with minimum SOC – number of cell with minimum SOC;
- Maximum cell SOC, %;
- # of Logic with maximum cell SOC – number of Logic with maximum SOC;
- # of cell with maximum SOC – number of cell with maximum SOC;
- Number of balancing cells;
- State:
- Discharging ON;
- Discharging OFF;
- Relaxed (after discharging) – battery is in a state of relaxation after discharging;
- Charing ON;
- Charging OFF;
- Relaxed (after charging) – battery is in a state of relaxation after charging;
- Duration – duration of the battery in the "State" state, s;
- SOC – state of charge of the battery, %;
- DOD – depth of discharge of the battery, %;
- SOH – state of health of the battery, %;
- Balancing efficiency – balancing efficiency of the battery, %;
- Effective capacity, А×h;
- Instant capacity – instantaneous value of the effective capacity (used to calculate the SOC), А×h;
- Coulomb counter + – charge received by the battery from the charger, А×h;
- Coulomb counter - – charge transferred to the battery load, А×h;
- Charge current limit – maximum allowed charge current of the battery, A;
- Discharge current limit – maximum allowed discharge current of the battery, A;
- High voltage 1 – voltage before the contactors, V;
- High voltage 2 – voltage after the contactors, V;
- Work charge+ - amount of charge received from charger (positive direction) since device startup, Ah;
- Work charge- - amount of charge transmitted to the load (negative direction) since device startup, Ah;
- Work energy+ - amount of energy received from charger (positive direction) since device startup, Wh;
- Work energy- - amount of energy transmitted to the load (negative direction) since device startup, Wh;
- Total energy+ - total energy received by the battery modules from the charger and during recuperation, Wh;
- Total energy- - total energy spent by the battery modules on the load, Wh;
- Total balanced energy – total energy dissipated by the battery modules on balancing resistors, Wh;
- Internal signals – device internal signals:
- Low SOC – a signal indicating the discharged battery;
- High charging current;
- Charging – state of the charging contactor;
- Allow charging signal – signal allowing the operation of the charger;
- Charging current present – charging current is detected;
- Discharging – state of the discharging contactor;
- Discharging current present – discharging current is detected;
- Voltage is too high for charging;
- Heater – signal to turn on heater;
- Cooler – signal to turn on cooler;
- Shutdown request (HYG/Spirit) – request to open the discharging contactor received from the HYG forklift;
- Init – initialization of the device (calibration of the current sensor and searching BMS Logic devices);
- Precharging – state of the precharging contactor;
- Shutdown request (Combilift) – request to open the discharging contactor received from the Combilift forklift;
- Cell analysis – operation of the algorithm for determining the discharge characteristics;
- Balancing 1 – balancing the first series of cells;
- Balancing 2 – balancing the second series of cells;
- Discharging (AUX) – state of the discharging (AUX) contactor (powering of external equipment is on);
- Power down ACK – signal to acknowledge powering down the battery system;
- Crown EWS – signal sent to the Crown truck before opening the discharging contactor;
- Main contactor – state of the main contactor;
- Service reset;
- Charging/Discharging – state of the charging/discharging contactor;
- Ready to charge – the battery is ready to charge;
- Ready to discharge – the battery is ready to discharge;
- Power up – system power status;
- Errors 1 – errors of the battery 1:
- Overcurrent;
- Undervoltage;
- Overvoltage;
- Low temperature (DCH) – temperature is too low for discharging;
- High temperature (DCH) – temperature is too high for discharging;
- Battery cover error – battery cover is open;
- High humidity – humidity of the battery is increased;
- Water – there is water in the battery enclosure;
- High Logic temperature – at least one of the Logic devices is overheated;
- Logic offline – at least one of the Logic devices is offline;
- Critical error;
- Crown error – connection with a Crown forklift is lost;
- Cell count error – number of cells does not match the specified value;
- HYG offline – connection with a HYG forklift is lost;
- Combilift offline – connection with a Combilift forklift is lost;
- Short circuit;
- High contactor temperature;
- ADC error – current cannot be measured;
- Current sensor error – error in the current sensor circuit;
- CH contactor cycles error – switching frequency of the charging contactor is too high;
- DCH contactor cycles error – switching frequency of the discharging contactor is too high;
- Shunt offline – connection with the shunt current sensor is lost;
- Shunt error – internal error of the shunt current sensor;
- WDT reset – watchdog timer reset the device;
- No temperature sensors – the device has no temperature sensors connected;
- Temperature sensor is shorted – some temperature sensors are shorted;
- Spirit offline – connection with a Spirit forklift is lost;
- Errors 2 – errors of the battery 2:
- Low temperature (CH) – temperature is too low for charging;
- High temperature (CH) – temperature is too high for charging;
- Unallowable charging – charging the battery through the discharging contactor;
- Stuck contactor;
- CH contactor feedback error – the control signals for the charging contactor and the contactor feedback differ;
- DCH contactor feedback error – the control signals for the discharging contactor and the contactor feedback differ;
- Insulation fault;
- PCH contactor feedback error – the control signals for the precharging contactor and the contactor feedback differ;
- CH/DCH contactor feedback error – the control signals for the charging/discharging contactor and the contactor feedback differ;
- Main contactor feedback error – the control signals for the main contactor and the contactor feedback differ;
- General error;
- High voltage fault – failure of high voltage measuring circuits;
- Power switch error – short circuit in contactor coil control circuit or power switch overheating;
- HVIL error – breakage of high-voltage interlock current loop;
- Precharge error – capacitive load pre-charge process did not end during the estimated time;
- Power fault – external devices power supply error: current sensors, HVIL, BMS Logic or CAN2 (int) bus powered devices.