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Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

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1 (% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
2 = Configuration =
3
4 (% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
5 == Protections ==
6
7 The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
8
9 (% class="box errormessage" %)
10 (((
11 **Attention!**
12 Behavior of contactors at different errors is configured in **corresponding contactor settings**!
13 )))
14
15 === Overcurrent ===
16
17 The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
18
19 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
20
21 [[image:1735224601506-488.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
22
23 In this section:
24
25 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
26 * Maximum charging current, А;
27 * Tolerant charging current, А;
28 * Maximum discharging current, А;
29 * Tolerant discharging current, А;
30 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
31 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
32 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
33
34 As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
35
36 Error generation conditions:
37
38 * the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
39 * the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
40
41 Conditions for removing the error:
42
43 * the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
44 * the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
45
46 === Charge current limit ===
47
48 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the charging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Charge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HChargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
49
50 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
51
52 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Charge current limit" section:
53
54 [[image:1735225207687-430.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]In this section:
55
56 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
57 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
58 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
59 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
60 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
61 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
62 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
63
64 === Discharge current limit ===
65
66 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the discharging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Discharge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HDischargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
67
68 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
69
70 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Discharge current limit" section:
71
72 [[image:1735225942893-869.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
73
74 In this section:
75
76 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
77 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
78 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
79 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
80 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
81 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
82 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
83
84 === Undervoltage ===
85
86 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
87
88 To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
89
90 [[image:1735224224155-829.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
91
92 In this section:
93
94 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
95 * Minimum cell voltage, V;
96 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
97 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
98 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
99 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
100 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
101
102 As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
103
104 Error generation conditions:
105
106 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
107
108 Conditions for removing the error:
109
110 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
111
112 === Overvoltage ===
113
114 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
115
116 To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
117
118 [[image:1735224377252-473.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="114" width="800"]]
119
120 In this section:
121
122 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
123 * Maximum cell voltage, V;
124 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
125 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
126 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
127 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
128 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
129
130 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
131
132 Error generation conditions:
133
134 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
135
136 Conditions for removing the error:
137
138 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
139
140 === Cell imbalance ===
141
142 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too much cell imbalance. If balancing algorithm is not enough to compensate battery imbalance, then imbalance protection generates an error when imbalance is above estimated threshold.
143
144 To change the battery protection parameters from cell imbalance, select the "Protections → Cell imbalance" section:
145
146 [[image:1760437465709-702.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="133" width="800"]]In this section:
147
148 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
149 * Maximum cell imbalance, V;
150 * Tolerant cell imbalance, V;
151 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
152 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
153 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
154
155 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from cell imbalance, the "Cell imbalance” error is generated.
156
157 Error generation conditions:
158
159 * the voltage difference between the most charged cell and the least charged cell is more than the “Maximum cell imbalance” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
160
161 Conditions for removing the error:
162
163 * the voltage difference between the most charged cell and the least charged cell is less than the “Tolerant cell imbalance” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
164
165 === Low temperature ===
166
167 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
168
169 To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
170
171 [[image:1733328382382-670.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
172
173 In this section:
174
175 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
176 * Minimum charge temperature, °C;
177 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
178 * Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
179 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
180 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
181 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
182 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
183
184 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
185
186 Error generation conditions:
187
188 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
189
190 Conditions for removing the error:
191
192 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
193
194 === High temperature ===
195
196 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
197
198 To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
199
200 [[image:1733328399408-279.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
201
202 In this section:
203
204 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
205 * Maximum charge temperature, °C;
206 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
207 * Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
208 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
209 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
210 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
211 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
212
213 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
214
215 Error generation conditions:
216
217 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
218
219 Conditions for removing the error:
220
221 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
222
223 === Battery cover ===
224
225 To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
226
227 [[image:1733328399410-529.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
228
229 In this section:
230
231 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
232 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
233 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
234 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
235
236 As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
237
238 Error generation conditions:
239
240 * there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
241
242 Conditions for removing the error:
243
244 * no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
245
246 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
247 (((
248 If there is the "Battery cover error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
249 )))
250
251 === High humidity ===
252
253 The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
254
255 To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
256
257 [[image:1733328399412-184.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
258
259 In this section:
260
261 * Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
262 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
263 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
264 * Delay before setting the error, second;
265 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
266 * Lock the error until the device is reset.
267
268 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
269
270 Error generation conditions:
271
272 * the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
273
274 Conditions for removing the error:
275
276 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
277
278 (% class="box infomessage" %)
279 (((
280 If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
281 )))
282
283 === Water ===
284
285 The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
286
287 To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
288
289 [[image:1733328399413-393.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
290
291 In this section:
292
293 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
294 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
295 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
296 * Delay before setting the error, second;
297 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
298 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
299
300 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
301
302 Error generation conditions:
303
304 * the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
305
306 Conditions for removing the error:
307
308 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
309
310 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
311 (((
312 If there is the “Water” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
313 )))
314
315 === Logic high temperature ===
316
317 To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
318
319 [[image:1733328399414-280.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
320
321 In this section:
322
323 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
324 * Maximum temperature, °C;
325 * Tolerant temperature, °C;
326 * Delay before setting the error, second;
327 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
328 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
329
330 As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
331
332 Error generation conditions:
333
334 * a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
335
336 Conditions for removing the error:
337
338 * a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
339
340 (% class="box infomessage" %)
341 (((
342 Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
343 )))
344
345 === Logic offline ===
346
347 To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
348
349 [[image:1755871522789-489.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
350
351
352 In this section:
353
354 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
355 * Delay before setting the error, second;
356 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
357 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
358
359 As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
360
361 Error generation conditions:
362
363 * at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
364
365 Conditions for removing the error:
366
367 * all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
368
369 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
370 (((
371 If there is the "Logic offline" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
372 )))
373
374 === Cell count ===
375
376 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
377
378 [[image:1733328415731-223.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
379
380 In this section:
381
382 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
383 * Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
384 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
385 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
386 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
387
388 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
389
390 Error generation conditions:
391
392 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
393
394 Conditions for removing the error:
395
396 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
397
398 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
399 (((
400 If there is the "Cell count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
401 )))
402
403 === Temperature sensor count ===
404
405 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of temperature sensors to the set value, select the "Protections → Temperature sensor count" section:
406
407 [[image:1755871582533-550.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
408
409 In this section:
410
411 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
412 * Number of cells – a number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS;
413 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
414 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
415 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
416
417 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "T-sensor count error" is generated.
418
419 Error generation conditions:
420
421 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
422
423 Conditions for removing the error:
424
425 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
426
427 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
428 (((
429 If there is the "T-sensor count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
430 )))
431
432 === Logic count ===
433
434 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
435
436 [[image:1733328415732-163.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="110" width="800"]]
437
438 In this section:
439
440 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
441 * Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
442 * Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
443 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
444
445 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
446
447 Error generation conditions:
448
449 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **not equal** to the “Logic count” value.
450
451 Conditions for removing the error:
452
453 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **equal** to the “Logic count” value.
454
455 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
456 (((
457 If there is the "Logic count error", the **“Critical error”** is generated.
458 )))
459
460 === Short circuit ===
461
462 The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
463
464 To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
465
466 [[image:1735224667621-969.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="153" width="800"]]
467
468 In this section:
469
470 * Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
471 ** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
472 ** Maximum current, A;
473 ** Delay before setting the error, second;
474 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
475 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
476
477 If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
478
479 Error generation conditions:
480
481 * at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
482
483 Conditions for removing the error:
484
485 * the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
486
487 === High contactor temperature ===
488
489 The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
490
491 To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
492
493 [[image:1735224706573-347.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
494
495 In this section:
496
497 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
498 * Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
499 * Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
500 * Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
501 * Delay before setting the error, second;
502 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
503 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
504
505 If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
506
507 Error generation conditions:
508
509 * the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
510
511 Conditions for removing the error:
512
513 * the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
514
515 === Current sensor ===
516
517 The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
518
519 To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
520
521 [[image:1733328461552-948.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
522
523 In this section:
524
525 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
526 * Maximum voltage, V;
527 * Minimum voltage, V;
528 * Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
529 * Delay before setting the error, second;
530 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
531 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
532
533 If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
534
535 Error generation conditions:
536
537 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
538 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
539
540 Conditions for removing the error:
541
542 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
543
544 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
545 (((
546 If there is the “Current sensor error”, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
547 )))
548
549 === Power switch ===
550
551 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
552
553 [[image:1733328461554-241.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
554
555 In this section:
556
557 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
558 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
559
560 The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
561
562 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
563 (((
564 If there is the "Power switch error", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
565 )))
566
567 === Power fault ===
568
569 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of CAN2, CAN3, RS-485-2 and Current sensors power supply.
570
571 (% class="box infomessage" %)
572 (((
573 **Note:** this error can be configured only under** "Service" account**.
574 )))
575
576 To change the parameters of the power fault error, select the "Protections → Power fault" section:
577
578 [[image:1739284154410-676.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="96" width="800"]]
579
580 In this section:
581
582 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
583 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
584 * Time to keep power off, millisecond;
585 * Delay before clearing the error, millisecond;
586 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
587
588 The “Power fault” occurs when the device detects a shortage or high power consumption in power supplies mentioned above. After that BMS turns off the corresponding power supply for "Time to keep power off", then it tries to enable power again.
589
590 Error is removed when the power consumption is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
591
592 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
593 (((
594 If there is the "Power fault", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
595 )))
596
597 === Charge contactor cycles ===
598
599 The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
600
601 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
602
603 [[image:1733328461555-351.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
604
605 In this section:
606
607 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
608 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
609 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
610 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
611 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
612 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
613
614 If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
615
616 Error generation conditions:
617
618 * the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
619
620 Conditions for removing the error:
621
622 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
623
624 === Discharge contactor cycles ===
625
626 The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
627
628 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
629
630 [[image:1733328461560-301.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
631
632 In this section:
633
634 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
635 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
636 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
637 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
638 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
639 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
640
641 If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
642
643 Error generation conditions:
644
645 * the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
646
647 Conditions for removing the error:
648
649 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
650
651 === Temperature sensors ===
652
653 The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
654
655 To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
656
657 [[image:1733328471918-980.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
658
659 In this section:
660
661 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
662 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
663 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
664 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
665
666 If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
667
668 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
669 (((
670 If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
671 )))
672
673 === WDT reset ===
674
675 If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
676
677 To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
678
679 [[image:1733328471919-183.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
680
681 In this section:
682
683 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
684 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
685 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
686
687 Conditions for removing the error:
688
689 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
690
691 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
692 (((
693 If there is the "WDT reset" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
694 )))
695
696 === Unallowable charging ===
697
698 The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
699
700 To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
701
702 [[image:1733328471920-923.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
703
704 In this section:
705
706 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
707 * Delay before setting the error, second;
708 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
709 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
710
711 If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
712
713 Error generation conditions:
714
715 * the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
716
717 Conditions for removing the error:
718
719 * the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
720
721 === Stuck contactor ===
722
723 The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
724
725 To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
726
727 [[image:1733328471920-314.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
728
729 In this section:
730
731 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
732 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
733 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
734 * Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
735 * Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
736 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
737
738 If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
739
740 * The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
741
742 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
743 (((
744 If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
745 )))
746
747 === Contactor feedback ===
748
749 The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
750
751 To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
752
753 [[image:1733328487096-144.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
754
755 In this section:
756
757 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
758 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
759 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
760 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
761
762 If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
763
764 * a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
765
766 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
767 (((
768 If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
769 )))
770
771 === Insulation ===
772
773 The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
774
775 To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
776
777 [[image:1733328487098-963.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
778
779 In this section:
780
781 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
782 * Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
783 ** Always on – check is always performed;
784 ** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
785 ** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
786 * Delay before setting the error, second;
787 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
788 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
789
790 The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
791
792 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
793 (((
794 If there is the “Insulation fault”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
795 )))
796
797 === HVIL ===
798
799 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
800
801 To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
802
803 [[image:1735224839441-185.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
804
805 In this section:
806
807 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
808 * Source is OFF: Lower current limit, A;
809 * Source is OFF: Upper current limit, A;
810 * Source is ON: Lower current limit, A;
811 * Source is ON: Upper current limit, A;
812 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
813
814 If interlock loop breaks and its current is out of the configured ranges, the “HVIL error” is generated.
815
816 Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
817
818 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
819 (((
820 If there is the “HVIL error”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
821 )))
822
823 === Battery voltage ===
824
825 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors.
826
827 To change the voltage difference check parameters, select the "Protections → Battery voltage" section:
828
829 [[image:1755871661259-633.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="100" width="800"]]
830
831 In this section:
832
833 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
834 * Abnormal voltage difference – a maximum difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors (High voltage 1), V;
835 * Delay before setting the error, second;
836 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
837 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
838
839 If there is a mismatch between voltages, "Battery voltage mismatch" error is generated.
840
841 Error generation conditions:
842
843 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **more **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before setting the error" time.
844
845 Conditions for removing the error:
846
847 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **less **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before clearing the error" time.
848
849 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
850 (((
851 If there is the “Battery voltage mismatch” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
852 )))
853
854 === Critical error ===
855
856 Some of the errors are system critical. A separate signal named "Critical error" indicates a BMS fault.
857
858 To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
859
860 [[image:1733328487100-898.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
861
862 In this section:
863
864 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
865 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
866 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
867 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
868
869 The "Critical error" signal is generated if at least one of the critical errors (see [[Errors>>doc:Battery management systems.Additional information.1\. Battery controllers\: signals and errors.WebHome||anchor="HErrors"]]) is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
870
871 The “Critical error" signal is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
872
873 === General error ===
874
875 To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
876
877 [[image:1735224942262-497.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
878
879 In this section:
880
881 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
882 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
883 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
884 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
885 * Errors 1, 2 to set the "Critical error" – bitfields to enable check of corresponding errors.
886
887 The “General error”is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
888
889 The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
890
891 (% class="box infomessage" %)
892 (((
893 The state of the “General error” can be assigned to a discrete output or to a power switch.
894 )))