Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

Last modified by Admin on 2025/10/14 10:27

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5.1	2	= Configuration =
1.1	3
	4	(% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
	5	== Protections ==
	6
	7	The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
	8
21.1	9	(% class="box errormessage" %)
18.1	10	(((
	11	Attention!
	12	Behavior of contactors at different errors is configured in corresponding contactor settings!
	13	)))
	14
2.1	15	=== Overcurrent ===
1.1	16
	17	The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
	18
	19	To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
	20
11.2	21	[[image:1735224601506-488.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
1.1	22
	23	In this section:
	24
	25	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	26	* Maximum charging current, А;
	27	* Tolerant charging current, А;
	28	* Maximum discharging current, А;
	29	* Tolerant discharging current, А;
	30	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	31	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	32	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	33
	34	As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
	35
	36	Error generation conditions:
	37
	38	* the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
	39	* the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	40
	41	Conditions for removing the error:
	42
	43	* the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
	44	* the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	45
6.2	46	=== Charge current limit ===
	47
17.2	48	The BMS Main 3 device can check if the charging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Charge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome\|\|anchor="HChargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
6.2	49
16.46	50	Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
16.15	51
16.8	52	To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Charge current limit" section:
16.2	53
16.8	54	[[image:1735225207687-430.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]In this section:
	55
	56	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
18.1	57	* Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
27.2	58	* Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
18.1	59	* Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
	60	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	61	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	62	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
16.8	63
6.2	64	=== Discharge current limit ===
	65
17.2	66	The BMS Main 3 device can check if the discharging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Discharge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome\|\|anchor="HDischargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
6.2	67
16.47	68	Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
16.44	69
17.2	70	To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Discharge current limit" section:
16.44	71
17.2	72	[[image:1735225942893-869.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
	73
	74	In this section:
	75
	76	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
18.1	77	* Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
27.2	78	* Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
18.1	79	* Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
	80	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	81	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	82	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
17.2	83
2.1	84	=== Undervoltage ===
1.1	85
	86	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
	87
	88	To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
	89
8.2	90	[[image:1735224224155-829.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
1.1	91
	92	In this section:
	93
	94	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	95	* Minimum cell voltage, V;
	96	* Tolerant cell voltage, V;
29.1	97	* Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
1.1	98	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	99	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	100	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	101
	102	As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
	103
	104	Error generation conditions:
	105
	106	* the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	107
	108	Conditions for removing the error:
	109
	110	* the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	111
2.1	112	=== Overvoltage ===
1.1	113
	114	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
	115
	116	To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
	117
9.2	118	[[image:1735224377252-473.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="114" width="800"]]
1.1	119
	120	In this section:
	121
	122	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	123	* Maximum cell voltage, V;
	124	* Tolerant cell voltage, V;
29.1	125	* Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
1.1	126	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	127	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	128	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	129
	130	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
	131
	132	Error generation conditions:
	133
	134	* the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	135
	136	Conditions for removing the error:
	137
	138	* the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	139
42.2	140	=== Cell imbalance ===
	141
43.2	142	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too much cell imbalance. If balancing algorithm is not enough to compensate battery imbalance, then imbalance protection generates an error when imbalance is above estimated threshold.
42.2	143
43.2	144	To change the battery protection parameters from cell imbalance, select the "Protections → Cell imbalance" section:
42.2	145
43.3	146	[[image:1760437465709-702.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="133" width="800"]]In this section:
43.2	147
	148	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
43.3	149	* Maximum cell imbalance, V;
	150	* Tolerant cell imbalance, V;
43.2	151	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	152	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	153	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	154
43.4	155	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from cell imbalance, the "Cell imbalance” error is generated.
43.2	156
	157	Error generation conditions:
	158
43.4	159	* the voltage difference between the most charged cell and the least charged cell is more than the “Maximum cell imbalance” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
43.2	160
	161	Conditions for removing the error:
	162
44.1	163	* the voltage difference between the most charged cell and the least charged cell is less than the “Tolerant cell imbalance” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
43.2	164
2.1	165	=== Low temperature ===
1.1	166
	167	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
	168
	169	To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
	170
2.1	171	[[image:1733328382382-670.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
1.1	172
	173	In this section:
	174
	175	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	176	* Minimum charge temperature, °C;
	177	* Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
	178	* Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
	179	* Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
	180	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	181	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	182	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	183
	184	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
	185
	186	Error generation conditions:
	187
	188	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	189
	190	Conditions for removing the error:
	191
	192	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	193
2.1	194	=== High temperature ===
1.1	195
	196	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
	197
	198	To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
	199
2.1	200	[[image:1733328399408-279.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
1.1	201
	202	In this section:
	203
	204	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	205	* Maximum charge temperature, °C;
	206	* Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
	207	* Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
	208	* Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
	209	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	210	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	211	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	212
	213	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
	214
	215	Error generation conditions:
	216
	217	* the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	218
	219	Conditions for removing the error:
	220
	221	* the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	222
2.1	223	=== Battery cover ===
1.1	224
	225	To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
	226
2.1	227	[[image:1733328399410-529.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
1.1	228
	229	In this section:
	230
	231	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	232	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	233	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	234	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	235
	236	As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
	237
	238	Error generation conditions:
	239
	240	* there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	241
	242	Conditions for removing the error:
	243
	244	* no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	245
2.1	246	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	247	(((
18.1	248	If there is the "Battery cover error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	249	)))
1.1	250
2.1	251	=== High humidity ===
1.1	252
	253	The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
	254
	255	To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
	256
2.1	257	[[image:1733328399412-184.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
1.1	258
	259	In this section:
	260
	261	* Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
	262	* Maximum humidity, RH%;
	263	* Tolerant humidity, RH%;
	264	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	265	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	266	* Lock the error until the device is reset.
	267
	268	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
	269
	270	Error generation conditions:
	271
	272	* the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	273
	274	Conditions for removing the error:
	275
	276	* the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	277
2.1	278	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	279	(((
1.1	280	If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
2.1	281	)))
1.1	282
2.1	283	=== Water ===
1.1	284
	285	The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
	286
	287	To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
	288
2.1	289	[[image:1733328399413-393.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
1.1	290
	291	In this section:
	292
	293	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	294	* Maximum humidity, RH%;
	295	* Tolerant humidity, RH%;
	296	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	297	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	298	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	299
	300	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
	301
	302	Error generation conditions:
	303
	304	* the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	305
	306	Conditions for removing the error:
	307
	308	* the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	309
18.1	310	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
2.1	311	(((
18.1	312	If there is the “Water” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	313	)))
1.1	314
6.4	315	=== Logic high temperature ===
1.1	316
	317	To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
	318
2.1	319	[[image:1733328399414-280.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
1.1	320
	321	In this section:
	322
	323	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	324	* Maximum temperature, °C;
	325	* Tolerant temperature, °C;
	326	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	327	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	328	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	329
	330	As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
	331
	332	Error generation conditions:
	333
	334	* a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
	335
	336	Conditions for removing the error:
	337
	338	* a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
	339
4.1	340	(% class="box infomessage" %)
2.1	341	(((
4.1	342	Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
2.1	343	)))
1.1	344
2.1	345	=== Logic offline ===
1.1	346
	347	To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
	348
34.1	349	[[image:1755871522789-489.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
1.1	350
34.1	351
1.1	352	In this section:
	353
	354	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
34.1	355	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	356	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
1.1	357	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	358
	359	As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
	360
	361	Error generation conditions:
	362
	363	* at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
	364
	365	Conditions for removing the error:
	366
	367	* all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
	368
2.1	369	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	370	(((
18.1	371	If there is the "Logic offline" error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	372	)))
	373
	374	=== Cell count ===
	375
	376	To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
	377
	378	[[image:1733328415731-223.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
	379
	380	In this section:
	381
	382	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	383	* Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
	384	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	385	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	386	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	387
	388	As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
	389
	390	Error generation conditions:
	391
	392	* the number of cells connected to the BMS is not equal to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	393
	394	Conditions for removing the error:
	395
	396	* the number of cells connected to the BMS is equal to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	397
	398	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	399	(((
18.1	400	If there is the "Cell count error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	401	)))
	402
35.2	403	=== Temperature sensor count ===
	404
	405	To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of temperature sensors to the set value, select the "Protections → Temperature sensor count" section:
	406
	407	[[image:1755871582533-550.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
	408
	409	In this section:
	410
	411	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	412	* Number of cells – a number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS;
	413	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	414	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	415	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	416
37.1	417	As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "T-sensor count error" is generated.
35.2	418
	419	Error generation conditions:
	420
37.1	421	* the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is not equal to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
35.2	422
	423	Conditions for removing the error:
	424
37.1	425	* the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is equal to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
35.2	426
	427	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	428	(((
37.1	429	If there is the "T-sensor count error", the “Critical error” is generated.
35.2	430	)))
	431
2.1	432	=== Logic count ===
	433
	434	To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
	435
	436	[[image:1733328415732-163.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="110" width="800"]]
	437
	438	In this section:
	439
	440	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	441	* Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
	442	* Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
	443	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	444
	445	As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
	446
	447	Error generation conditions:
	448
	449	* the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is not equal to the “Logic count” value.
	450
	451	Conditions for removing the error:
	452
	453	* the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is equal to the “Logic count” value.
	454
	455	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	456	(((
18.1	457	If there is the "Logic count error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	458	)))
	459
	460	=== Short circuit ===
	461
	462	The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
	463
	464	To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
	465
12.2	466	[[image:1735224667621-969.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="153" width="800"]]
2.1	467
	468	In this section:
	469
	470	* Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
	471	** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	472	** Maximum current, A;
	473	** Delay before setting the error, second;
	474	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	475	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	476
	477	If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
	478
	479	Error generation conditions:
	480
	481	* at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	482
	483	Conditions for removing the error:
	484
	485	* the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	486
	487	=== High contactor temperature ===
	488
	489	The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
	490
	491	To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
	492
12.2	493	[[image:1735224706573-347.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
2.1	494
	495	In this section:
	496
	497	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	498	* Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
	499	* Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
	500	* Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
	501	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	502	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	503	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	504
	505	If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
	506
	507	Error generation conditions:
	508
	509	* the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	510
	511	Conditions for removing the error:
	512
	513	* the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	514
	515	=== Current sensor ===
	516
	517	The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
	518
	519	To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
	520
	521	[[image:1733328461552-948.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
	522
	523	In this section:
	524
	525	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	526	* Maximum voltage, V;
	527	* Minimum voltage, V;
	528	* Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
	529	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	530	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	531	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	532
	533	If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
	534
	535	Error generation conditions:
	536
	537	* the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
	538	* the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	539
	540	Conditions for removing the error:
	541
	542	* the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	543
	544	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	545	(((
18.1	546	If there is the “Current sensor error”, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	547	)))
	548
	549	=== Power switch ===
	550
	551	BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
	552
	553	[[image:1733328461554-241.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
	554
	555	In this section:
	556
	557	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	558	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	559
	560	The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	561
	562	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	563	(((
18.1	564	If there is the "Power switch error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	565	)))
	566
22.2	567	=== Power fault ===
	568
22.10	569	BMS Main 3 device checks the status of CAN2, CAN3, RS-485-2 and Current sensors power supply.
22.2	570
23.2	571	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	572	(((
25.1	573	Note: this error can be configured only under "Service" account.
23.2	574	)))
	575
22.10	576	To change the parameters of the power fault error, select the "Protections → Power fault" section:
	577
22.2	578	[[image:1739284154410-676.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="96" width="800"]]
	579
	580	In this section:
	581
25.2	582	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
22.2	583	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
22.3	584	* Time to keep power off, millisecond;
	585	* Delay before clearing the error, millisecond;
22.2	586	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	587
26.1	588	The “Power fault” occurs when the device detects a shortage or high power consumption in power supplies mentioned above. After that BMS turns off the corresponding power supply for "Time to keep power off", then it tries to enable power again.
22.2	589
25.2	590	Error is removed when the power consumption is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	591
22.2	592	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	593	(((
23.1	594	If there is the "Power fault", the “Critical error” is generated.
22.2	595	)))
	596
2.1	597	=== Charge contactor cycles ===
	598
	599	The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
	600
	601	To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
	602
	603	[[image:1733328461555-351.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
	604
	605	In this section:
	606
	607	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	608	* Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
	609	* Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
	610	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	611	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	612	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	613
	614	If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
	615
	616	Error generation conditions:
	617
	618	* the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
	619
	620	Conditions for removing the error:
	621
	622	* the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
	623
3.1	624	=== Discharge contactor cycles ===
2.1	625
	626	The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
	627
	628	To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
	629
	630	[[image:1733328461560-301.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
	631
	632	In this section:
	633
	634	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	635	* Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
	636	* Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
	637	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	638	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	639	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	640
	641	If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
	642
	643	Error generation conditions:
	644
	645	* the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
	646
	647	Conditions for removing the error:
	648
	649	* the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
	650
	651	=== Temperature sensors ===
	652
	653	The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
	654
	655	To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
	656
	657	[[image:1733328471918-980.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
	658
	659	In this section:
	660
	661	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	662	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	663	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	664	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	665
	666	If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
	667
	668	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	669	(((
18.1	670	If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	671	)))
	672
	673	=== WDT reset ===
	674
	675	If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
	676
	677	To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
	678
	679	[[image:1733328471919-183.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
	680
	681	In this section:
	682
	683	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	684	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	685	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	686
	687	Conditions for removing the error:
	688
	689	* the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
	690
	691	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	692	(((
18.1	693	If there is the "WDT reset" error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	694	)))
	695
4.1	696	=== Unallowable charging ===
2.1	697
	698	The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
	699
	700	To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
	701
	702	[[image:1733328471920-923.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
	703
	704	In this section:
	705
	706	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	707	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	708	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	709	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	710
	711	If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
	712
	713	Error generation conditions:
	714
	715	* the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	716
	717	Conditions for removing the error:
	718
	719	* the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	720
5.1	721	=== Stuck contactor ===
2.1	722
	723	The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
	724
	725	To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
	726
	727	[[image:1733328471920-314.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
	728
	729	In this section:
	730
	731	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	732	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	733	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	734	* Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
	735	* Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
	736	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	737
	738	If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
	739
	740	* The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
	741
	742	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	743	(((
18.1	744	If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	745	)))
	746
	747	=== Contactor feedback ===
	748
	749	The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
	750
	751	To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
	752
	753	[[image:1733328487096-144.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
	754
	755	In this section:
	756
	757	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	758	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	759	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	760	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	761
	762	If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
	763
	764	* a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
	765
	766	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	767	(((
18.1	768	If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	769	)))
	770
5.1	771	=== Insulation ===
2.1	772
	773	The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
	774
	775	To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
	776
	777	[[image:1733328487098-963.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
	778
	779	In this section:
	780
	781	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	782	* Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
	783	** Always on – check is always performed;
	784	** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
	785	** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
	786	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	787	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	788	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	789
	790	The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	791
	792	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	793	(((
18.1	794	If there is the “Insulation fault”, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	795	)))
	796
	797	=== HVIL ===
	798
	799	The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
	800
	801	To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
	802
13.2	803	[[image:1735224839441-185.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
2.1	804
	805	In this section:
	806
	807	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
13.2	808	* Source is OFF: Lower current limit, A;
	809	* Source is OFF: Upper current limit, A;
	810	* Source is ON: Lower current limit, A;
	811	* Source is ON: Upper current limit, A;
2.1	812	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	813
26.1	814	If interlock loop breaks and its current is out of the configured ranges, the “HVIL error” is generated.
2.1	815
26.1	816	Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
	817
2.1	818	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	819	(((
18.1	820	If there is the “HVIL error”, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	821	)))
	822
37.1	823	=== Battery voltage ===
	824
	825	The BMS Main 3 allows to control the difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors.
	826
40.1	827	To change the voltage difference check parameters, select the "Protections → Battery voltage" section:
37.1	828
	829	[[image:1755871661259-633.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="100" width="800"]]
	830
	831	In this section:
	832
	833	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	834	* Abnormal voltage difference – a maximum difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors (High voltage 1), V;
	835	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	836	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	837	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	838
	839	If there is a mismatch between voltages, "Battery voltage mismatch" error is generated.
	840
	841	Error generation conditions:
	842
	843	* difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is more than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before setting the error" time.
	844
	845	Conditions for removing the error:
	846
	847	* difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is less than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before clearing the error" time.
	848
38.1	849	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	850	(((
	851	If there is the “Battery voltage mismatch” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
	852	)))
	853
2.1	854	=== Critical error ===
	855
26.1	856	Some of the errors are system critical. A separate signal named "Critical error" indicates a BMS fault.
23.4	857
2.1	858	To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
	859
	860	[[image:1733328487100-898.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
	861
	862	In this section:
	863
	864	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	865	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	866	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	867	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	868
27.3	869	The "Critical error" signal is generated if at least one of the critical errors (see [[Errors>>doc:Battery management systems.Additional information.1\. Battery controllers\: signals and errors.WebHome\|\|anchor="HErrors"]]) is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
2.1	870
25.1	871	The “Critical error" signal is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
2.1	872
6.1	873	=== General error ===
2.1	874
	875	To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
	876
14.2	877	[[image:1735224942262-497.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
2.1	878
	879	In this section:
	880
	881	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	882	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	883	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	884	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
15.1	885	* Errors 1, 2 to set the "Critical error" – bitfields to enable check of corresponding errors.
2.1	886
28.1	887	The “General error”is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
2.1	888
	889	The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	890
	891	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	892	(((
20.1	893	The state of the “General error” can be assigned to a discrete output or to a power switch.
2.1	894	)))

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