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Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

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1 (% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
2 = Configuration =
3
4 (% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
5 == Protections ==
6
7 The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
8
9 === Overcurrent ===
10
11 The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
12
13 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
14
15 [[image:1733328382376-958.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
16
17 In this section:
18
19 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
20 * Maximum charging current, А;
21 * Tolerant charging current, А;
22 * Maximum discharging current, А;
23 * Tolerant discharging current, А;
24 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
25 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
26 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
27
28 As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
29
30 Error generation conditions:
31
32 * the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
33 * the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
34
35 Conditions for removing the error:
36
37 * the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
38 * the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
39
40 (% class="box infomessage" %)
41 (((
42 If there is the "Overcurrent" error, the **charging **and **discharging **contactors open.
43 )))
44
45 === Charge current limit ===
46
47
48 === Discharge current limit ===
49
50
51 === Undervoltage ===
52
53 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
54
55 To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
56
57 [[image:1733328382380-760.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="127" width="800"]]
58
59 In this section:
60
61 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
62 * Minimum cell voltage, V;
63 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
64 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
65 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
66 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
67
68 As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
69
70 Error generation conditions:
71
72 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
73
74 Conditions for removing the error:
75
76 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
77
78 (% class="box infomessage" %)
79 (((
80 If there is the "Undervoltage" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
81 )))
82
83 === Overvoltage ===
84
85 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
86
87 To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
88
89 [[image:1733328382382-607.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
90
91 In this section:
92
93 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
94 * Maximum cell voltage, V;
95 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
96 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
97 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
98 * Switch off the discharging contactor on error – a flag to open the discharging contactor when the "Overvoltage" error is generated;
99 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
100
101 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
102
103 Error generation conditions:
104
105 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
106
107 Conditions for removing the error:
108
109 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
110
111 (% class="box infomessage" %)
112 (((
113 If there is the "Overvoltage" error, the **charging** contactor and **discharging **contactor open (if the “Switch off the discharging contactor on error” flag is set).
114 )))
115
116 === Low temperature ===
117
118 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
119
120 To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
121
122 [[image:1733328382382-670.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
123
124 In this section:
125
126 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
127 * Minimum charge temperature, °C;
128 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
129 * Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
130 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
131 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
132 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
133 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
134
135 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
136
137 Error generation conditions:
138
139 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
140
141 Conditions for removing the error:
142
143 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
144
145 (% class="box infomessage" %)
146 (((
147 If there is the "Low temperature (CH)" error, the **charging **contactor opens.
148 If there is the "Low temperature (DCH)" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
149 )))
150
151 === High temperature ===
152
153 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
154
155 To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
156
157 [[image:1733328399408-279.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
158
159 In this section:
160
161 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
162 * Maximum charge temperature, °C;
163 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
164 * Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
165 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
166 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
167 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
168 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
169
170 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
171
172 Error generation conditions:
173
174 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
175
176 Conditions for removing the error:
177
178 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
179
180 (% class="box infomessage" %)
181 (((
182 If there is the "High temperature (CH)" error, the **charging **contactor opens.
183 If there is the "High temperature (DCH)" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
184 )))
185
186 === Battery cover ===
187
188 To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
189
190 [[image:1733328399410-529.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
191
192 In this section:
193
194 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
195 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
196 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
197 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
198
199 As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
200
201 Error generation conditions:
202
203 * there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
204
205 Conditions for removing the error:
206
207 * no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
208
209 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
210 (((
211 If there is the "Battery cover error", the **“Critical error” **is generated **and all contactors open.**
212 )))
213
214 === High humidity ===
215
216 The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
217
218 To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
219
220 [[image:1733328399412-184.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
221
222 In this section:
223
224 * Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
225 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
226 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
227 * Delay before setting the error, second;
228 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
229 * Lock the error until the device is reset.
230
231 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
232
233 Error generation conditions:
234
235 * the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
236
237 Conditions for removing the error:
238
239 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
240
241 (% class="box infomessage" %)
242 (((
243 If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
244 )))
245
246 === Water ===
247
248 The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
249
250 To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
251
252 [[image:1733328399413-393.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
253
254 In this section:
255
256 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
257 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
258 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
259 * Delay before setting the error, second;
260 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
261 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
262
263 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
264
265 Error generation conditions:
266
267 * the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
268
269 Conditions for removing the error:
270
271 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
272
273 (% class="box infomessage" %)
274 (((
275 If there is the “Water” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open**.
276 )))
277
278 === High Logic temperature ===
279
280 To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
281
282 [[image:1733328399414-280.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
283
284 In this section:
285
286 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
287 * Maximum temperature, °C;
288 * Tolerant temperature, °C;
289 * Delay before setting the error, second;
290 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
291 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
292
293 As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
294
295 Error generation conditions:
296
297 * a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
298
299 Conditions for removing the error:
300
301 * a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
302
303 (% class="box infomessage" %)
304 (((
305 Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
306 )))
307
308 === Logic offline ===
309
310 To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
311
312 [[image:1733328399416-818.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="86" width="800"]]
313
314 In this section:
315
316 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
317 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
318
319 As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
320
321 Error generation conditions:
322
323 * at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
324
325 Conditions for removing the error:
326
327 * all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
328
329 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
330 (((
331 If there is the "Logic offline" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
332 )))
333
334 === Cell count ===
335
336 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
337
338 [[image:1733328415731-223.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
339
340 In this section:
341
342 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
343 * Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
344 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
345 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
346 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
347
348 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
349
350 Error generation conditions:
351
352 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
353
354 Conditions for removing the error:
355
356 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
357
358 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
359 (((
360 If there is the "Cell count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
361 )))
362
363 === Logic count ===
364
365 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
366
367 [[image:1733328415732-163.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="110" width="800"]]
368
369 In this section:
370
371 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
372 * Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
373 * Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
374 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
375
376 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
377
378 Error generation conditions:
379
380 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **not equal** to the “Logic count” value.
381
382 Conditions for removing the error:
383
384 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **equal** to the “Logic count” value.
385
386 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
387 (((
388 If there is the "Logic count error", the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
389 )))
390
391 === Short circuit ===
392
393 The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
394
395 To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
396
397 [[image:1733328415733-309.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="210" width="800"]]
398
399 In this section:
400
401 * Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
402 ** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
403 ** Maximum current, A;
404 ** Delay before setting the error, second;
405 * Switch off the charging contactor on error – a flag to open the charging contactor when the "Short circuit" error occurs;
406 * Switch off the discharging contactor on error – a flag to open the discharging contactor when the "Short circuit" error occurs;
407 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
408 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
409
410 If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
411
412 Error generation conditions:
413
414 * at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
415
416 Conditions for removing the error:
417
418 * the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
419
420 (% class="box infomessage" %)
421 (((
422 If there is the "Short circuit" error, **charging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the charging contactor on error” flag is set) and **discharging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the discharging contactor on error flag” is set).
423 )))
424
425 === High contactor temperature ===
426
427 The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
428
429 To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
430
431 [[image:1733328415734-986.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
432
433 In this section:
434
435 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
436 * Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
437 * Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
438 * Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
439 * Delay before setting the error, second;
440 * Switch off the charging contactor on error – a flag to open the charging contactor when the "High contactor temperature" error occurs;
441 * Switch off the discharging contactor on error – a flag to open the discharging contactor when the "High contactor temperature" error occurs;
442 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
443 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
444
445 If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
446
447 Error generation conditions:
448
449 * the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
450
451 Conditions for removing the error:
452
453 * the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
454
455 (% class="box infomessage" %)
456 (((
457 If there is the "High contactor temperature" error, **charging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the charging contactor on error” flag is set) and **discharging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the discharging contactor on error” flag is set).
458 )))
459
460 === Current sensor ===
461
462 The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
463
464 To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
465
466 [[image:1733328461552-948.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
467
468 In this section:
469
470 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
471 * Maximum voltage, V;
472 * Minimum voltage, V;
473 * Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
474 * Delay before setting the error, second;
475 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
476 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
477
478 If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
479
480 Error generation conditions:
481
482 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
483 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
484
485 Conditions for removing the error:
486
487 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
488
489 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
490 (((
491 If there is the “Current sensor error”, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
492 )))
493
494 === Power switch ===
495
496 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
497
498 [[image:1733328461554-241.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
499
500 In this section:
501
502 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
503 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
504
505 The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
506
507 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
508 (((
509 If there is the "Power switch error", the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
510 )))
511
512 === Charge contactor cycles ===
513
514 The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
515
516 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
517
518 [[image:1733328461555-351.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
519
520 In this section:
521
522 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
523 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
524 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
525 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
526 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
527 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
528
529 If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
530
531 Error generation conditions:
532
533 * the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
534
535 Conditions for removing the error:
536
537 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
538
539 (% class="box infomessage" %)
540 (((
541 If there is the "CH contactor cycles error" error, the **charging **contactor opens.
542 )))
543
544 === Discharge contactor cycles ===
545
546 The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
547
548 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
549
550 [[image:1733328461560-301.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
551
552 In this section:
553
554 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
555 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
556 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
557 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
558 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
559 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
560
561 If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
562
563 Error generation conditions:
564
565 * the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
566
567 Conditions for removing the error:
568
569 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
570
571 (% class="box infomessage" %)
572 (((
573 If there is the "DCH contactor cycles error" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
574 )))
575
576 === Temperature sensors ===
577
578 The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
579
580 To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
581
582 [[image:1733328471918-980.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
583
584 In this section:
585
586 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
587 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
588 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
589 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
590
591 If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
592
593 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
594 (((
595 If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
596 )))
597
598 === WDT reset ===
599
600 If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
601
602 To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
603
604 [[image:1733328471919-183.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
605
606 In this section:
607
608 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
609 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
610 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
611
612 Conditions for removing the error:
613
614 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
615
616 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
617 (((
618 If there is the "WDT reset" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
619 )))
620
621 === Unallowable charging ===
622
623 The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
624
625 To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
626
627 [[image:1733328471920-923.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
628
629 In this section:
630
631 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
632 * Delay before setting the error, second;
633 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
634 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
635
636 If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
637
638 Error generation conditions:
639
640 * the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
641
642 Conditions for removing the error:
643
644 * the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
645
646 (% class="box infomessage" %)
647 (((
648 If there is the "Unallowable charging" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
649 )))
650
651 === Stuck contactor ===
652
653 The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
654
655 To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
656
657 [[image:1733328471920-314.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
658
659 In this section:
660
661 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
662 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
663 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
664 * Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
665 * Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
666 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
667
668 If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
669
670 * The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
671
672 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
673 (((
674 If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
675 )))
676
677 === Contactor feedback ===
678
679 The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
680
681 To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
682
683 [[image:1733328487096-144.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
684
685 In this section:
686
687 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
688 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
689 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
690 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
691
692 If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
693
694 * a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
695
696 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
697 (((
698 If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
699 )))
700
701 === Insulation ===
702
703 The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
704
705 To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
706
707 [[image:1733328487098-963.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
708
709 In this section:
710
711 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
712 * Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
713 ** Always on – check is always performed;
714 ** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
715 ** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
716 * Delay before setting the error, second;
717 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
718 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
719
720 The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
721
722 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
723 (((
724 If there is the “Insulation fault”, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
725 )))
726
727 === HVIL ===
728
729 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
730
731 To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
732
733 [[image:1733328487099-371.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="85" width="800"]]
734
735 In this section:
736
737 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
738 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
739
740 If interlock loop breaks, the “HVIL error” is generated. Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
741
742 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
743 (((
744 If there is the “HVIL error”, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
745 )))
746
747 === Critical error ===
748
749 To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
750
751 [[image:1733328487100-898.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
752
753 In this section:
754
755 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
756 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
757 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
758 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
759
760 The critical error flag is generated if at least one of the following errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time:
761
762 * “Battery cover error”;
763 * “Water”;
764 * “Logic offline”;
765 * “Cell count error”;
766 * “ADC error”;
767 * “Current sensor error”;
768 * “Shunt offline”;
769 * “Shunt error”;
770 * “WDT reset”
771 * “No temp. sensors”;
772 * “Temperature sensor shorted”;
773 * “Stuck contactor”;
774 * “CH contactor feedback error”;
775 * “DCH contactor feedback error”;
776 * “Insulation fault”;
777 * “PCH contactor feedback error”;
778 * “CH/DCH contactor feedback error”;
779 * “Main contactor feedback error”;
780 * “High voltage fault”;
781 * “Power switch error”;
782 * “HVIL error”l
783 * “Power fault”.
784
785 The “Critical error” is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
786
787 (% class="box infomessage" %)
788 (((
789 If there is the “Critical error”, **all **contactors open.
790 )))
791
792 === General error ===
793
794 To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
795
796 [[image:1733328487101-216.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="262" width="800"]]
797
798 In this section:
799
800 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
801 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
802 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
803 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
804 * Check: <error> – a flags to enable check of corresponding errors.
805
806 The general error flag is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
807
808 The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
809
810 (% class="box infomessage" %)
811 (((
812 The state of the “General error” can be output to a discrete output or a power switch.
813 )))