Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

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1 (% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
2 = Configuration =
3
4 (% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
5 == Protections ==
6
7 The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
8
9 (% class="box errormessage" %)
10 (((
11 **Attention!**
12 Behavior of contactors at different errors is configured in **corresponding contactor settings**!
13 )))
14
15 === Overcurrent ===
16
17 The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
18
19 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
20
21 [[image:1735224601506-488.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
22
23 In this section:
24
25 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
26 * Maximum charging current, А;
27 * Tolerant charging current, А;
28 * Maximum discharging current, А;
29 * Tolerant discharging current, А;
30 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
31 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
32 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
33
34 As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
35
36 Error generation conditions:
37
38 * the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
39 * the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
40
41 Conditions for removing the error:
42
43 * the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
44 * the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
45
46 === Charge current limit ===
47
48 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the charging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Charge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HChargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
49
50 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
51
52 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Charge current limit" section:
53
54 [[image:1735225207687-430.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]In this section:
55
56 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
57 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
58 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
59 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
60 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
61 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
62 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
63
64 === Discharge current limit ===
65
66 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the discharging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Discharge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HDischargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
67
68 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
69
70 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Discharge current limit" section:
71
72 [[image:1735225942893-869.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
73
74 In this section:
75
76 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
77 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
78 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
79 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
80 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
81 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
82 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
83
84 === Undervoltage ===
85
86 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
87
88 To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
89
90 [[image:1735224224155-829.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
91
92 In this section:
93
94 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
95 * Minimum cell voltage, V;
96 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
97 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
98 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
99 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
100 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
101
102 As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
103
104 Error generation conditions:
105
106 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
107
108 Conditions for removing the error:
109
110 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
111
112 === Overvoltage ===
113
114 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
115
116 To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
117
118 [[image:1735224377252-473.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="114" width="800"]]
119
120 In this section:
121
122 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
123 * Maximum cell voltage, V;
124 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
125 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
126 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
127 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
128 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
129
130 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
131
132 Error generation conditions:
133
134 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
135
136 Conditions for removing the error:
137
138 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
139
140 === Cell imbalance ===
141
142 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too much cell imbalance. If balancing algorithm is not enough to compensate battery imbalance, then imbalance protection generates an error when imbalance is above estimated threshold.
143
144 To change the battery protection parameters from cell imbalance, select the "Protections → Cell imbalance" section:
145
146 [[image:1760437465709-702.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="133" width="800"]]In this section:
147
148 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
149 * Maximum cell imbalance, V;
150 * Tolerant cell imbalance, V;
151 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
152 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
153 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
154
155 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from cell imbalance, the "Cell imbalance” error is generated.
156
157 Error generation conditions:
158
159 * the voltage difference between the most charged cell and the least charged cell is more than the “Maximum cell imbalance” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
160
161 Conditions for removing the error:
162
163 * the voltage difference between the most charged cell and the least charged cell is less than the “Tolerant cell imbalance” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
164
165 === Low temperature ===
166
167 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
168
169 To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
170
171 [[image:1733328382382-670.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
172
173 In this section:
174
175 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
176 * Minimum charge temperature, °C;
177 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
178 * Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
179 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
180 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
181 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
182 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
183
184 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
185
186 Error generation conditions:
187
188 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
189
190 Conditions for removing the error:
191
192 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
193
194 === High temperature ===
195
196 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
197
198 To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
199
200 [[image:1733328399408-279.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
201
202 In this section:
203
204 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
205 * Maximum charge temperature, °C;
206 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
207 * Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
208 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
209 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
210 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
211 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
212
213 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
214
215 Error generation conditions:
216
217 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
218
219 Conditions for removing the error:
220
221 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
222
223 === Battery cover ===
224
225 To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
226
227 [[image:1733328399410-529.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
228
229 In this section:
230
231 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
232 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
233 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
234 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
235
236 As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
237
238 Error generation conditions:
239
240 * there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
241
242 Conditions for removing the error:
243
244 * no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
245
246 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
247 (((
248 If there is the "Battery cover error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
249 )))
250
251 === High humidity ===
252
253 The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
254
255 To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
256
257 [[image:1733328399412-184.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
258
259 In this section:
260
261 * Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
262 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
263 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
264 * Delay before setting the error, second;
265 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
266 * Lock the error until the device is reset.
267
268 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
269
270 Error generation conditions:
271
272 * the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
273
274 Conditions for removing the error:
275
276 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
277
278 (% class="box infomessage" %)
279 (((
280 If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
281 )))
282
283 === Water ===
284
285 The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
286
287 To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
288
289 [[image:1733328399413-393.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
290
291 In this section:
292
293 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
294 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
295 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
296 * Delay before setting the error, second;
297 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
298 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
299
300 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
301
302 Error generation conditions:
303
304 * the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
305
306 Conditions for removing the error:
307
308 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
309
310 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
311 (((
312 If there is the “Water” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
313 )))
314
315 === Logic high temperature ===
316
317 To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
318
319 [[image:1733328399414-280.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
320
321 In this section:
322
323 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
324 * Maximum temperature, °C;
325 * Tolerant temperature, °C;
326 * Delay before setting the error, second;
327 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
328 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
329
330 As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
331
332 Error generation conditions:
333
334 * a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
335
336 Conditions for removing the error:
337
338 * a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
339
340 (% class="box infomessage" %)
341 (((
342 Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
343 )))
344
345 === Logic offline ===
346
347 To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
348
349 [[image:1755871522789-489.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
350
351
352 In this section:
353
354 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
355 * Delay before setting the error, second;
356 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
357 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
358
359 As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
360
361 Error generation conditions:
362
363 * at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
364
365 Conditions for removing the error:
366
367 * all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
368
369 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
370 (((
371 If there is the "Logic offline" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
372 )))
373
374 === Cell count ===
375
376 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
377
378 [[image:1733328415731-223.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
379
380 In this section:
381
382 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
383 * Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
384 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
385 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
386 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
387
388 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
389
390 Error generation conditions:
391
392 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
393
394 Conditions for removing the error:
395
396 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
397
398 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
399 (((
400 If there is the "Cell count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
401 )))
402
403 === Temperature sensor count ===
404
405 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of temperature sensors to the set value, select the "Protections → Temperature sensor count" section:
406
407 [[image:1755871582533-550.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
408
409 In this section:
410
411 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
412 * Number of cells – a number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS;
413 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
414 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
415 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
416
417 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "T-sensor count error" is generated.
418
419 Error generation conditions:
420
421 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
422
423 Conditions for removing the error:
424
425 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
426
427 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
428 (((
429 If there is the "T-sensor count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
430 )))
431
432 === Logic count ===
433
434 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
435
436 [[image:1762425434368-516.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="125" width="800"]]
437
438 In this section:
439
440 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
441 * Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
442 * Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
443 * Delay before setting the error – a delay before setting the error //during initialization//, millisecond;
444 * Delay before clearing the error– a delay before clearing the error //during initialization//, second;
445 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
446
447 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
448
449 Error generation conditions:
450
451 * after the initialization the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **not equal** to the “Logic count” value.
452
453 Conditions for removing the error:
454
455 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **equal** to the “Logic count” value.
456
457 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
458 (((
459 If there is the "Logic count error", the **“Critical error”** is generated.
460 )))
461
462 === Short circuit ===
463
464 The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
465
466 To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
467
468 [[image:1735224667621-969.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="153" width="800"]]
469
470 In this section:
471
472 * Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
473 ** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
474 ** Maximum current, A;
475 ** Delay before setting the error, second;
476 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
477 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
478
479 If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
480
481 Error generation conditions:
482
483 * at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
484
485 Conditions for removing the error:
486
487 * the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
488
489 === High contactor temperature ===
490
491 The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
492
493 To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
494
495 [[image:1735224706573-347.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
496
497 In this section:
498
499 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
500 * Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
501 * Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
502 * Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
503 * Delay before setting the error, second;
504 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
505 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
506
507 If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
508
509 Error generation conditions:
510
511 * the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
512
513 Conditions for removing the error:
514
515 * the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
516
517 === Current sensor ===
518
519 The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
520
521 To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
522
523 [[image:1733328461552-948.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
524
525 In this section:
526
527 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
528 * Maximum voltage, V;
529 * Minimum voltage, V;
530 * Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
531 * Delay before setting the error, second;
532 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
533 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
534
535 If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
536
537 Error generation conditions:
538
539 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
540 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
541
542 Conditions for removing the error:
543
544 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
545
546 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
547 (((
548 If there is the “Current sensor error”, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
549 )))
550
551 === Power switch ===
552
553 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
554
555 [[image:1733328461554-241.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
556
557 In this section:
558
559 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
560 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
561
562 The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
563
564 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
565 (((
566 If there is the "Power switch error", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
567 )))
568
569 === Power fault ===
570
571 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of CAN2, CAN3, RS-485-2 and Current sensors power supply.
572
573 (% class="box infomessage" %)
574 (((
575 **Note:** this error can be configured only under** "Service" account**.
576 )))
577
578 To change the parameters of the power fault error, select the "Protections → Power fault" section:
579
580 [[image:1739284154410-676.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="96" width="800"]]
581
582 In this section:
583
584 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
585 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
586 * Time to keep power off, millisecond;
587 * Delay before clearing the error, millisecond;
588 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
589
590 The “Power fault” occurs when the device detects a shortage or high power consumption in power supplies mentioned above. After that BMS turns off the corresponding power supply for "Time to keep power off", then it tries to enable power again.
591
592 Error is removed when the power consumption is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
593
594 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
595 (((
596 If there is the "Power fault", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
597 )))
598
599 === Charge contactor cycles ===
600
601 The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
602
603 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
604
605 [[image:1733328461555-351.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
606
607 In this section:
608
609 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
610 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
611 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
612 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
613 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
614 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
615
616 If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
617
618 Error generation conditions:
619
620 * the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
621
622 Conditions for removing the error:
623
624 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
625
626 === Discharge contactor cycles ===
627
628 The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
629
630 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
631
632 [[image:1733328461560-301.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
633
634 In this section:
635
636 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
637 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
638 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
639 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
640 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
641 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
642
643 If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
644
645 Error generation conditions:
646
647 * the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
648
649 Conditions for removing the error:
650
651 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
652
653 === Temperature sensors ===
654
655 The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
656
657 To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
658
659 [[image:1733328471918-980.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
660
661 In this section:
662
663 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
664 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
665 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
666 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
667
668 If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
669
670 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
671 (((
672 If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
673 )))
674
675 === WDT reset ===
676
677 If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
678
679 To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
680
681 [[image:1733328471919-183.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
682
683 In this section:
684
685 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
686 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
687 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
688
689 Conditions for removing the error:
690
691 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
692
693 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
694 (((
695 If there is the "WDT reset" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
696 )))
697
698 === Unallowable charging ===
699
700 The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
701
702 To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
703
704 [[image:1733328471920-923.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
705
706 In this section:
707
708 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
709 * Delay before setting the error, second;
710 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
711 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
712
713 If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
714
715 Error generation conditions:
716
717 * the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
718
719 Conditions for removing the error:
720
721 * the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
722
723 === Stuck contactor ===
724
725 The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
726
727 To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
728
729 [[image:1733328471920-314.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
730
731 In this section:
732
733 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
734 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
735 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
736 * Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
737 * Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
738 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
739
740 If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
741
742 * The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
743
744 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
745 (((
746 If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
747 )))
748
749 === Contactor feedback ===
750
751 The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
752
753 To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
754
755 [[image:1733328487096-144.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
756
757 In this section:
758
759 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
760 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
761 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
762 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
763
764 If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
765
766 * a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
767
768 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
769 (((
770 If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
771 )))
772
773 === Insulation ===
774
775 The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
776
777 To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
778
779 [[image:1733328487098-963.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
780
781 In this section:
782
783 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
784 * Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
785 ** Always on – check is always performed;
786 ** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
787 ** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
788 * Delay before setting the error, second;
789 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
790 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
791
792 The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
793
794 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
795 (((
796 If there is the “Insulation fault”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
797 )))
798
799 === HVIL ===
800
801 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
802
803 To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
804
805 [[image:1735224839441-185.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
806
807 In this section:
808
809 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
810 * Source is OFF: Lower current limit, A;
811 * Source is OFF: Upper current limit, A;
812 * Source is ON: Lower current limit, A;
813 * Source is ON: Upper current limit, A;
814 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
815
816 If interlock loop breaks and its current is out of the configured ranges, the “HVIL error” is generated.
817
818 Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
819
820 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
821 (((
822 If there is the “HVIL error”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
823 )))
824
825 === Battery voltage ===
826
827 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors.
828
829 To change the voltage difference check parameters, select the "Protections → Battery voltage" section:
830
831 [[image:1755871661259-633.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="100" width="800"]]
832
833 In this section:
834
835 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
836 * Abnormal voltage difference – a maximum difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors (High voltage 1), V;
837 * Delay before setting the error, second;
838 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
839 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
840
841 If there is a mismatch between voltages, "Battery voltage mismatch" error is generated.
842
843 Error generation conditions:
844
845 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **more **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before setting the error" time.
846
847 Conditions for removing the error:
848
849 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **less **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before clearing the error" time.
850
851 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
852 (((
853 If there is the “Battery voltage mismatch” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
854 )))
855
856 === Critical error ===
857
858 Some of the errors are system critical. A separate signal named "Critical error" indicates a BMS fault.
859
860 To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
861
862 [[image:1733328487100-898.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
863
864 In this section:
865
866 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
867 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
868 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
869 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
870
871 The "Critical error" signal is generated if at least one of the critical errors (see [[Errors>>doc:Battery management systems.Additional information.1\. Battery controllers\: signals and errors.WebHome||anchor="HErrors"]]) is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
872
873 The “Critical error" signal is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
874
875 === General error ===
876
877 To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
878
879 [[image:1735224942262-497.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
880
881 In this section:
882
883 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
884 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
885 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
886 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
887 * Errors 1, 2 to set the "Critical error" – bitfields to enable check of corresponding errors.
888
889 The “General error”is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
890
891 The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
892
893 (% class="box infomessage" %)
894 (((
895 The state of the “General error” can be assigned to a discrete output or to a power switch.
896 )))