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Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

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1 (% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
2 = Configuration =
3
4 (% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
5 == Protections ==
6
7 The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
8
9 (% class="box errormessage" %)
10 (((
11 **Attention!**
12 Behavior of contactors at different errors is configured in **corresponding contactor settings**!
13 )))
14
15 === Overcurrent ===
16
17 The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
18
19 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
20
21 [[image:1735224601506-488.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
22
23 In this section:
24
25 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
26 * Maximum charging current, А;
27 * Tolerant charging current, А;
28 * Maximum discharging current, А;
29 * Tolerant discharging current, А;
30 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
31 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
32 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
33
34 As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
35
36 Error generation conditions:
37
38 * the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
39 * the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
40
41 Conditions for removing the error:
42
43 * the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
44 * the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
45
46 === Charge current limit ===
47
48 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the charging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Charge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HChargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
49
50 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
51
52 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Charge current limit" section:
53
54 [[image:1735225207687-430.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]In this section:
55
56 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
57 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
58 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
59 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
60 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
61 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
62 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
63
64 === Discharge current limit ===
65
66 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the discharging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Discharge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HDischargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
67
68 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
69
70 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Discharge current limit" section:
71
72 [[image:1735225942893-869.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
73
74 In this section:
75
76 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
77 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
78 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
79 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
80 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
81 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
82 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
83
84 === Undervoltage ===
85
86 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
87
88 To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
89
90 [[image:1735224224155-829.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
91
92 In this section:
93
94 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
95 * Minimum cell voltage, V;
96 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
97 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
98 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
99 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
100 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
101
102 As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
103
104 Error generation conditions:
105
106 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
107
108 Conditions for removing the error:
109
110 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
111
112 === Overvoltage ===
113
114 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
115
116 To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
117
118 [[image:1735224377252-473.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="114" width="800"]]
119
120 In this section:
121
122 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
123 * Maximum cell voltage, V;
124 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
125 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
126 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
127 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
128 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
129
130 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
131
132 Error generation conditions:
133
134 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
135
136 Conditions for removing the error:
137
138 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
139
140 === Cell imbalance ===
141
142 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too much cell imbalance. If balancing algorithm is not enough to compensate
143
144 To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
145
146 === Low temperature ===
147
148 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
149
150 To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
151
152 [[image:1733328382382-670.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
153
154 In this section:
155
156 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
157 * Minimum charge temperature, °C;
158 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
159 * Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
160 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
161 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
162 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
163 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
164
165 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
166
167 Error generation conditions:
168
169 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
170
171 Conditions for removing the error:
172
173 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
174
175 === High temperature ===
176
177 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
178
179 To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
180
181 [[image:1733328399408-279.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
182
183 In this section:
184
185 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
186 * Maximum charge temperature, °C;
187 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
188 * Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
189 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
190 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
191 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
192 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
193
194 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
195
196 Error generation conditions:
197
198 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
199
200 Conditions for removing the error:
201
202 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
203
204 === Battery cover ===
205
206 To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
207
208 [[image:1733328399410-529.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
209
210 In this section:
211
212 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
213 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
214 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
215 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
216
217 As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
218
219 Error generation conditions:
220
221 * there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
222
223 Conditions for removing the error:
224
225 * no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
226
227 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
228 (((
229 If there is the "Battery cover error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
230 )))
231
232 === High humidity ===
233
234 The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
235
236 To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
237
238 [[image:1733328399412-184.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
239
240 In this section:
241
242 * Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
243 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
244 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
245 * Delay before setting the error, second;
246 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
247 * Lock the error until the device is reset.
248
249 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
250
251 Error generation conditions:
252
253 * the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
254
255 Conditions for removing the error:
256
257 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
258
259 (% class="box infomessage" %)
260 (((
261 If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
262 )))
263
264 === Water ===
265
266 The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
267
268 To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
269
270 [[image:1733328399413-393.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
271
272 In this section:
273
274 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
275 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
276 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
277 * Delay before setting the error, second;
278 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
279 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
280
281 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
282
283 Error generation conditions:
284
285 * the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
286
287 Conditions for removing the error:
288
289 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
290
291 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
292 (((
293 If there is the “Water” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
294 )))
295
296 === Logic high temperature ===
297
298 To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
299
300 [[image:1733328399414-280.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
301
302 In this section:
303
304 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
305 * Maximum temperature, °C;
306 * Tolerant temperature, °C;
307 * Delay before setting the error, second;
308 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
309 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
310
311 As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
312
313 Error generation conditions:
314
315 * a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
316
317 Conditions for removing the error:
318
319 * a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
320
321 (% class="box infomessage" %)
322 (((
323 Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
324 )))
325
326 === Logic offline ===
327
328 To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
329
330 [[image:1755871522789-489.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
331
332
333 In this section:
334
335 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
336 * Delay before setting the error, second;
337 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
338 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
339
340 As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
341
342 Error generation conditions:
343
344 * at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
345
346 Conditions for removing the error:
347
348 * all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
349
350 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
351 (((
352 If there is the "Logic offline" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
353 )))
354
355 === Cell count ===
356
357 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
358
359 [[image:1733328415731-223.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
360
361 In this section:
362
363 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
364 * Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
365 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
366 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
367 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
368
369 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
370
371 Error generation conditions:
372
373 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
374
375 Conditions for removing the error:
376
377 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
378
379 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
380 (((
381 If there is the "Cell count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
382 )))
383
384 === Temperature sensor count ===
385
386 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of temperature sensors to the set value, select the "Protections → Temperature sensor count" section:
387
388 [[image:1755871582533-550.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
389
390 In this section:
391
392 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
393 * Number of cells – a number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS;
394 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
395 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
396 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
397
398 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "T-sensor count error" is generated.
399
400 Error generation conditions:
401
402 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
403
404 Conditions for removing the error:
405
406 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
407
408 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
409 (((
410 If there is the "T-sensor count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
411 )))
412
413 === Logic count ===
414
415 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
416
417 [[image:1733328415732-163.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="110" width="800"]]
418
419 In this section:
420
421 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
422 * Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
423 * Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
424 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
425
426 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
427
428 Error generation conditions:
429
430 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **not equal** to the “Logic count” value.
431
432 Conditions for removing the error:
433
434 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **equal** to the “Logic count” value.
435
436 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
437 (((
438 If there is the "Logic count error", the **“Critical error”** is generated.
439 )))
440
441 === Short circuit ===
442
443 The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
444
445 To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
446
447 [[image:1735224667621-969.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="153" width="800"]]
448
449 In this section:
450
451 * Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
452 ** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
453 ** Maximum current, A;
454 ** Delay before setting the error, second;
455 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
456 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
457
458 If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
459
460 Error generation conditions:
461
462 * at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
463
464 Conditions for removing the error:
465
466 * the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
467
468 === High contactor temperature ===
469
470 The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
471
472 To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
473
474 [[image:1735224706573-347.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
475
476 In this section:
477
478 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
479 * Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
480 * Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
481 * Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
482 * Delay before setting the error, second;
483 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
484 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
485
486 If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
487
488 Error generation conditions:
489
490 * the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
491
492 Conditions for removing the error:
493
494 * the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
495
496 === Current sensor ===
497
498 The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
499
500 To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
501
502 [[image:1733328461552-948.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
503
504 In this section:
505
506 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
507 * Maximum voltage, V;
508 * Minimum voltage, V;
509 * Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
510 * Delay before setting the error, second;
511 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
512 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
513
514 If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
515
516 Error generation conditions:
517
518 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
519 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
520
521 Conditions for removing the error:
522
523 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
524
525 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
526 (((
527 If there is the “Current sensor error”, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
528 )))
529
530 === Power switch ===
531
532 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
533
534 [[image:1733328461554-241.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
535
536 In this section:
537
538 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
539 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
540
541 The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
542
543 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
544 (((
545 If there is the "Power switch error", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
546 )))
547
548 === Power fault ===
549
550 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of CAN2, CAN3, RS-485-2 and Current sensors power supply.
551
552 (% class="box infomessage" %)
553 (((
554 **Note:** this error can be configured only under** "Service" account**.
555 )))
556
557 To change the parameters of the power fault error, select the "Protections → Power fault" section:
558
559 [[image:1739284154410-676.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="96" width="800"]]
560
561 In this section:
562
563 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
564 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
565 * Time to keep power off, millisecond;
566 * Delay before clearing the error, millisecond;
567 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
568
569 The “Power fault” occurs when the device detects a shortage or high power consumption in power supplies mentioned above. After that BMS turns off the corresponding power supply for "Time to keep power off", then it tries to enable power again.
570
571 Error is removed when the power consumption is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
572
573 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
574 (((
575 If there is the "Power fault", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
576 )))
577
578 === Charge contactor cycles ===
579
580 The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
581
582 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
583
584 [[image:1733328461555-351.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
585
586 In this section:
587
588 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
589 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
590 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
591 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
592 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
593 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
594
595 If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
596
597 Error generation conditions:
598
599 * the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
600
601 Conditions for removing the error:
602
603 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
604
605 === Discharge contactor cycles ===
606
607 The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
608
609 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
610
611 [[image:1733328461560-301.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
612
613 In this section:
614
615 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
616 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
617 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
618 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
619 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
620 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
621
622 If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
623
624 Error generation conditions:
625
626 * the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
627
628 Conditions for removing the error:
629
630 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
631
632 === Temperature sensors ===
633
634 The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
635
636 To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
637
638 [[image:1733328471918-980.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
639
640 In this section:
641
642 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
643 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
644 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
645 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
646
647 If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
648
649 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
650 (((
651 If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
652 )))
653
654 === WDT reset ===
655
656 If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
657
658 To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
659
660 [[image:1733328471919-183.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
661
662 In this section:
663
664 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
665 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
666 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
667
668 Conditions for removing the error:
669
670 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
671
672 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
673 (((
674 If there is the "WDT reset" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
675 )))
676
677 === Unallowable charging ===
678
679 The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
680
681 To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
682
683 [[image:1733328471920-923.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
684
685 In this section:
686
687 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
688 * Delay before setting the error, second;
689 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
690 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
691
692 If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
693
694 Error generation conditions:
695
696 * the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
697
698 Conditions for removing the error:
699
700 * the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
701
702 === Stuck contactor ===
703
704 The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
705
706 To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
707
708 [[image:1733328471920-314.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
709
710 In this section:
711
712 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
713 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
714 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
715 * Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
716 * Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
717 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
718
719 If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
720
721 * The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
722
723 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
724 (((
725 If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
726 )))
727
728 === Contactor feedback ===
729
730 The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
731
732 To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
733
734 [[image:1733328487096-144.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
735
736 In this section:
737
738 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
739 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
740 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
741 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
742
743 If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
744
745 * a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
746
747 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
748 (((
749 If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
750 )))
751
752 === Insulation ===
753
754 The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
755
756 To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
757
758 [[image:1733328487098-963.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
759
760 In this section:
761
762 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
763 * Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
764 ** Always on – check is always performed;
765 ** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
766 ** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
767 * Delay before setting the error, second;
768 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
769 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
770
771 The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
772
773 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
774 (((
775 If there is the “Insulation fault”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
776 )))
777
778 === HVIL ===
779
780 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
781
782 To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
783
784 [[image:1735224839441-185.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
785
786 In this section:
787
788 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
789 * Source is OFF: Lower current limit, A;
790 * Source is OFF: Upper current limit, A;
791 * Source is ON: Lower current limit, A;
792 * Source is ON: Upper current limit, A;
793 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
794
795 If interlock loop breaks and its current is out of the configured ranges, the “HVIL error” is generated.
796
797 Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
798
799 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
800 (((
801 If there is the “HVIL error”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
802 )))
803
804 === Battery voltage ===
805
806 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors.
807
808 To change the voltage difference check parameters, select the "Protections → Battery voltage" section:
809
810 [[image:1755871661259-633.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="100" width="800"]]
811
812 In this section:
813
814 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
815 * Abnormal voltage difference – a maximum difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors (High voltage 1), V;
816 * Delay before setting the error, second;
817 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
818 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
819
820 If there is a mismatch between voltages, "Battery voltage mismatch" error is generated.
821
822 Error generation conditions:
823
824 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **more **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before setting the error" time.
825
826 Conditions for removing the error:
827
828 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **less **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before clearing the error" time.
829
830 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
831 (((
832 If there is the “Battery voltage mismatch” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
833 )))
834
835 === Critical error ===
836
837 Some of the errors are system critical. A separate signal named "Critical error" indicates a BMS fault.
838
839 To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
840
841 [[image:1733328487100-898.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
842
843 In this section:
844
845 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
846 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
847 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
848 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
849
850 The "Critical error" signal is generated if at least one of the critical errors (see [[Errors>>doc:Battery management systems.Additional information.1\. Battery controllers\: signals and errors.WebHome||anchor="HErrors"]]) is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
851
852 The “Critical error" signal is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
853
854 === General error ===
855
856 To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
857
858 [[image:1735224942262-497.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
859
860 In this section:
861
862 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
863 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
864 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
865 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
866 * Errors 1, 2 to set the "Critical error" – bitfields to enable check of corresponding errors.
867
868 The “General error”is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
869
870 The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
871
872 (% class="box infomessage" %)
873 (((
874 The state of the “General error” can be assigned to a discrete output or to a power switch.
875 )))