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Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

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1 (% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
2 = Configuration =
3
4 (% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
5 == Protections ==
6
7 The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
8
9 (% class="box errormessage" %)
10 (((
11 **Attention!**
12 Behavior of contactors at different errors is configured in **corresponding contactor settings**!
13 )))
14
15 === Overcurrent ===
16
17 The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
18
19 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
20
21 [[image:1735224601506-488.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
22
23 In this section:
24
25 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
26 * Maximum charging current, А;
27 * Tolerant charging current, А;
28 * Maximum discharging current, А;
29 * Tolerant discharging current, А;
30 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
31 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
32 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
33
34 As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
35
36 Error generation conditions:
37
38 * the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
39 * the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
40
41 Conditions for removing the error:
42
43 * the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
44 * the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
45
46 === Charge current limit ===
47
48 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the charging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Charge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HChargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
49
50 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
51
52 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Charge current limit" section:
53
54 [[image:1735225207687-430.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]In this section:
55
56 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
57 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
58 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
59 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
60 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
61 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
62 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
63
64 === Discharge current limit ===
65
66 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the discharging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Discharge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome||anchor="HDischargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
67
68 Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
69
70 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Discharge current limit" section:
71
72 [[image:1735225942893-869.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
73
74 In this section:
75
76 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
77 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
78 * Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
79 * Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
80 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
81 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
82 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
83
84 === Undervoltage ===
85
86 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
87
88 To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
89
90 [[image:1735224224155-829.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
91
92 In this section:
93
94 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
95 * Minimum cell voltage, V;
96 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
97 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
98 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
99 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
100 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
101
102 As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
103
104 Error generation conditions:
105
106 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
107
108 Conditions for removing the error:
109
110 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
111
112 === Overvoltage ===
113
114 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
115
116 To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
117
118 [[image:1735224377252-473.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="114" width="800"]]
119
120 In this section:
121
122 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
123 * Maximum cell voltage, V;
124 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
125 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
126 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
127 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
128 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
129
130 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
131
132 Error generation conditions:
133
134 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
135
136 Conditions for removing the error:
137
138 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
139
140 === Low temperature ===
141
142 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
143
144 To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
145
146 [[image:1733328382382-670.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
147
148 In this section:
149
150 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
151 * Minimum charge temperature, °C;
152 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
153 * Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
154 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
155 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
156 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
157 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
158
159 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
160
161 Error generation conditions:
162
163 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
164
165 Conditions for removing the error:
166
167 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
168
169 === High temperature ===
170
171 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
172
173 To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
174
175 [[image:1733328399408-279.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
176
177 In this section:
178
179 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
180 * Maximum charge temperature, °C;
181 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
182 * Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
183 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
184 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
185 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
186 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
187
188 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
189
190 Error generation conditions:
191
192 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
193
194 Conditions for removing the error:
195
196 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
197
198 === Battery cover ===
199
200 To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
201
202 [[image:1733328399410-529.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
203
204 In this section:
205
206 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
207 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
208 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
209 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
210
211 As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
212
213 Error generation conditions:
214
215 * there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
216
217 Conditions for removing the error:
218
219 * no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
220
221 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
222 (((
223 If there is the "Battery cover error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
224 )))
225
226 === High humidity ===
227
228 The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
229
230 To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
231
232 [[image:1733328399412-184.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
233
234 In this section:
235
236 * Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
237 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
238 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
239 * Delay before setting the error, second;
240 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
241 * Lock the error until the device is reset.
242
243 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
244
245 Error generation conditions:
246
247 * the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
248
249 Conditions for removing the error:
250
251 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
252
253 (% class="box infomessage" %)
254 (((
255 If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
256 )))
257
258 === Water ===
259
260 The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
261
262 To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
263
264 [[image:1733328399413-393.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
265
266 In this section:
267
268 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
269 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
270 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
271 * Delay before setting the error, second;
272 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
273 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
274
275 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
276
277 Error generation conditions:
278
279 * the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
280
281 Conditions for removing the error:
282
283 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
284
285 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
286 (((
287 If there is the “Water” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
288 )))
289
290 === Logic high temperature ===
291
292 To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
293
294 [[image:1733328399414-280.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
295
296 In this section:
297
298 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
299 * Maximum temperature, °C;
300 * Tolerant temperature, °C;
301 * Delay before setting the error, second;
302 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
303 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
304
305 As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
306
307 Error generation conditions:
308
309 * a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
310
311 Conditions for removing the error:
312
313 * a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
314
315 (% class="box infomessage" %)
316 (((
317 Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
318 )))
319
320 === Logic offline ===
321
322 To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
323
324 [[image:1755871522789-489.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
325
326
327 In this section:
328
329 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
330 * Delay before setting the error, second;
331 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
332 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
333
334 As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
335
336 Error generation conditions:
337
338 * at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
339
340 Conditions for removing the error:
341
342 * all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
343
344 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
345 (((
346 If there is the "Logic offline" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
347 )))
348
349 === Cell count ===
350
351 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
352
353 [[image:1733328415731-223.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
354
355 In this section:
356
357 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
358 * Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
359 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
360 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
361 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
362
363 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
364
365 Error generation conditions:
366
367 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
368
369 Conditions for removing the error:
370
371 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
372
373 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
374 (((
375 If there is the "Cell count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
376 )))
377
378 === Temperature sensor count ===
379
380 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of temperature sensors to the set value, select the "Protections → Temperature sensor count" section:
381
382 [[image:1755871582533-550.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
383
384 In this section:
385
386 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
387 * Number of cells – a number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS;
388 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
389 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
390 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
391
392 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "T-sensor count error" is generated.
393
394 Error generation conditions:
395
396 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
397
398 Conditions for removing the error:
399
400 * the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
401
402 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
403 (((
404 If there is the "T-sensor count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated**.**
405 )))
406
407 === Logic count ===
408
409 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
410
411 [[image:1733328415732-163.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="110" width="800"]]
412
413 In this section:
414
415 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
416 * Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
417 * Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
418 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
419
420 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
421
422 Error generation conditions:
423
424 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **not equal** to the “Logic count” value.
425
426 Conditions for removing the error:
427
428 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **equal** to the “Logic count” value.
429
430 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
431 (((
432 If there is the "Logic count error", the **“Critical error”** is generated.
433 )))
434
435 === Short circuit ===
436
437 The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
438
439 To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
440
441 [[image:1735224667621-969.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="153" width="800"]]
442
443 In this section:
444
445 * Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
446 ** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
447 ** Maximum current, A;
448 ** Delay before setting the error, second;
449 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
450 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
451
452 If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
453
454 Error generation conditions:
455
456 * at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
457
458 Conditions for removing the error:
459
460 * the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
461
462 === High contactor temperature ===
463
464 The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
465
466 To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
467
468 [[image:1735224706573-347.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
469
470 In this section:
471
472 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
473 * Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
474 * Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
475 * Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
476 * Delay before setting the error, second;
477 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
478 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
479
480 If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
481
482 Error generation conditions:
483
484 * the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
485
486 Conditions for removing the error:
487
488 * the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
489
490 === Current sensor ===
491
492 The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
493
494 To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
495
496 [[image:1733328461552-948.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
497
498 In this section:
499
500 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
501 * Maximum voltage, V;
502 * Minimum voltage, V;
503 * Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
504 * Delay before setting the error, second;
505 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
506 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
507
508 If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
509
510 Error generation conditions:
511
512 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
513 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
514
515 Conditions for removing the error:
516
517 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
518
519 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
520 (((
521 If there is the “Current sensor error”, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
522 )))
523
524 === Power switch ===
525
526 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
527
528 [[image:1733328461554-241.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
529
530 In this section:
531
532 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
533 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
534
535 The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
536
537 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
538 (((
539 If there is the "Power switch error", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
540 )))
541
542 === Power fault ===
543
544 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of CAN2, CAN3, RS-485-2 and Current sensors power supply.
545
546 (% class="box infomessage" %)
547 (((
548 **Note:** this error can be configured only under** "Service" account**.
549 )))
550
551 To change the parameters of the power fault error, select the "Protections → Power fault" section:
552
553 [[image:1739284154410-676.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="96" width="800"]]
554
555 In this section:
556
557 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
558 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
559 * Time to keep power off, millisecond;
560 * Delay before clearing the error, millisecond;
561 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
562
563 The “Power fault” occurs when the device detects a shortage or high power consumption in power supplies mentioned above. After that BMS turns off the corresponding power supply for "Time to keep power off", then it tries to enable power again.
564
565 Error is removed when the power consumption is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
566
567 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
568 (((
569 If there is the "Power fault", the **“Critical error” **is generated.
570 )))
571
572 === Charge contactor cycles ===
573
574 The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
575
576 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
577
578 [[image:1733328461555-351.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
579
580 In this section:
581
582 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
583 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
584 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
585 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
586 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
587 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
588
589 If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
590
591 Error generation conditions:
592
593 * the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
594
595 Conditions for removing the error:
596
597 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
598
599 === Discharge contactor cycles ===
600
601 The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
602
603 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
604
605 [[image:1733328461560-301.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
606
607 In this section:
608
609 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
610 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
611 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
612 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
613 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
614 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
615
616 If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
617
618 Error generation conditions:
619
620 * the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
621
622 Conditions for removing the error:
623
624 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
625
626 === Temperature sensors ===
627
628 The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
629
630 To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
631
632 [[image:1733328471918-980.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
633
634 In this section:
635
636 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
637 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
638 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
639 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
640
641 If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
642
643 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
644 (((
645 If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
646 )))
647
648 === WDT reset ===
649
650 If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
651
652 To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
653
654 [[image:1733328471919-183.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
655
656 In this section:
657
658 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
659 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
660 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
661
662 Conditions for removing the error:
663
664 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
665
666 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
667 (((
668 If there is the "WDT reset" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
669 )))
670
671 === Unallowable charging ===
672
673 The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
674
675 To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
676
677 [[image:1733328471920-923.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
678
679 In this section:
680
681 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
682 * Delay before setting the error, second;
683 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
684 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
685
686 If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
687
688 Error generation conditions:
689
690 * the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
691
692 Conditions for removing the error:
693
694 * the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
695
696 === Stuck contactor ===
697
698 The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
699
700 To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
701
702 [[image:1733328471920-314.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
703
704 In this section:
705
706 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
707 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
708 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
709 * Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
710 * Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
711 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
712
713 If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
714
715 * The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
716
717 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
718 (((
719 If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
720 )))
721
722 === Contactor feedback ===
723
724 The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
725
726 To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
727
728 [[image:1733328487096-144.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
729
730 In this section:
731
732 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
733 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
734 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
735 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
736
737 If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
738
739 * a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
740
741 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
742 (((
743 If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated.
744 )))
745
746 === Insulation ===
747
748 The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
749
750 To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
751
752 [[image:1733328487098-963.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
753
754 In this section:
755
756 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
757 * Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
758 ** Always on – check is always performed;
759 ** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
760 ** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
761 * Delay before setting the error, second;
762 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
763 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
764
765 The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
766
767 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
768 (((
769 If there is the “Insulation fault”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
770 )))
771
772 === HVIL ===
773
774 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
775
776 To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
777
778 [[image:1735224839441-185.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
779
780 In this section:
781
782 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
783 * Source is OFF: Lower current limit, A;
784 * Source is OFF: Upper current limit, A;
785 * Source is ON: Lower current limit, A;
786 * Source is ON: Upper current limit, A;
787 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
788
789 If interlock loop breaks and its current is out of the configured ranges, the “HVIL error” is generated.
790
791 Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
792
793 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
794 (((
795 If there is the “HVIL error”, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
796 )))
797
798 === Battery voltage ===
799
800 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors.
801
802 To change the voltage difference check parameters, select the "Protections → Battery voltage" section:
803
804 [[image:1755871661259-633.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="100" width="800"]]
805
806 In this section:
807
808 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
809 * Abnormal voltage difference – a maximum difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors (High voltage 1), V;
810 * Delay before setting the error, second;
811 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
812 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
813
814 If there is a mismatch between voltages, "Battery voltage mismatch" error is generated.
815
816 Error generation conditions:
817
818 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **more **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before setting the error" time.
819
820 Conditions for removing the error:
821
822 * difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is **less **than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before clearing the error" time.
823
824 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
825 (((
826 If there is the “Battery voltage mismatch” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated.
827 )))
828
829 === Critical error ===
830
831 Some of the errors are system critical. A separate signal named "Critical error" indicates a BMS fault.
832
833 To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
834
835 [[image:1733328487100-898.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
836
837 In this section:
838
839 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
840 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
841 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
842 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
843
844 The "Critical error" signal is generated if at least one of the critical errors (see [[Errors>>doc:Battery management systems.Additional information.1\. Battery controllers\: signals and errors.WebHome||anchor="HErrors"]]) is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
845
846 The “Critical error" signal is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
847
848 === General error ===
849
850 To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
851
852 [[image:1735224942262-497.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
853
854 In this section:
855
856 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
857 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
858 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
859 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
860 * Errors 1, 2 to set the "Critical error" – bitfields to enable check of corresponding errors.
861
862 The “General error”is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
863
864 The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
865
866 (% class="box infomessage" %)
867 (((
868 The state of the “General error” can be assigned to a discrete output or to a power switch.
869 )))