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Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

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1 (% data-numbered-headings-start="3" style="--numbered-headings-start: 2;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
2 = Configuration =
3
4 (% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
5 == Protections ==
6
7 The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
8
9 === Overcurrent ===
10
11 The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
12
13 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
14
15 [[image:1735224601506-488.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
16
17 In this section:
18
19 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
20 * Maximum charging current, А;
21 * Tolerant charging current, А;
22 * Maximum discharging current, А;
23 * Tolerant discharging current, А;
24 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
25 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
26 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
27
28 As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
29
30 Error generation conditions:
31
32 * the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
33 * the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
34
35 Conditions for removing the error:
36
37 * the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
38 * the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
39
40 (% class="box infomessage" %)
41 (((
42 If there is the "Overcurrent" error, the **charging **and **discharging **contactors open.
43 )))
44
45 === Charge current limit ===
46
47 The BMS Main 3 device can check if the charging current exceeds the limit based on the Charge map. If current is more than estimated maximum, "Current limit" error is generated.
48
49
50 To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Charge current limit" section:
51
52 [[image:1735225207687-430.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]In this section:
53
54 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
55 * Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2
56 *
57
58
59 === Discharge current limit ===
60
61 TBA
62
63 === Undervoltage ===
64
65 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
66
67 To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
68
69 [[image:1735224224155-829.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
70
71 In this section:
72
73 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
74 * Minimum cell voltage, V;
75 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
76 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to enable the check of voltage correction due to current and cell resistance;
77 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
78 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
79 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
80
81 As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
82
83 Error generation conditions:
84
85 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
86
87 Conditions for removing the error:
88
89 * the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
90
91 (% class="box infomessage" %)
92 (((
93 If there is the "Undervoltage" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
94 )))
95
96 === Overvoltage ===
97
98 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
99
100 To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
101
102 [[image:1735224377252-473.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="114" width="800"]]
103
104 In this section:
105
106 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
107 * Maximum cell voltage, V;
108 * Tolerant cell voltage, V;
109 * Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to enable the check of voltage correction due to current and cell resistance;
110 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
111 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
112 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
113
114 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
115
116 Error generation conditions:
117
118 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
119
120 Conditions for removing the error:
121
122 * the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
123
124 (% class="box infomessage" %)
125 (((
126 If there is the "Overvoltage" error, the **charging** contactor and **discharging **contactor open (if the “Switch off the discharging contactor on error” flag is set).
127 )))
128
129 === Low temperature ===
130
131 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
132
133 To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
134
135 [[image:1733328382382-670.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
136
137 In this section:
138
139 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
140 * Minimum charge temperature, °C;
141 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
142 * Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
143 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
144 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
145 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
146 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
147
148 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
149
150 Error generation conditions:
151
152 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
153
154 Conditions for removing the error:
155
156 * the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
157
158 (% class="box infomessage" %)
159 (((
160 If there is the "Low temperature (CH)" error, the **charging **contactor opens.
161 If there is the "Low temperature (DCH)" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
162 )))
163
164 === High temperature ===
165
166 The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
167
168 To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
169
170 [[image:1733328399408-279.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
171
172 In this section:
173
174 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
175 * Maximum charge temperature, °C;
176 * Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
177 * Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
178 * Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
179 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
180 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
181 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
182
183 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
184
185 Error generation conditions:
186
187 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
188
189 Conditions for removing the error:
190
191 * the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
192
193 (% class="box infomessage" %)
194 (((
195 If there is the "High temperature (CH)" error, the **charging **contactor opens.
196 If there is the "High temperature (DCH)" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
197 )))
198
199 === Battery cover ===
200
201 To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
202
203 [[image:1733328399410-529.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
204
205 In this section:
206
207 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
208 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
209 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
210 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
211
212 As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
213
214 Error generation conditions:
215
216 * there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
217
218 Conditions for removing the error:
219
220 * no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
221
222 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
223 (((
224 If there is the "Battery cover error", the **“Critical error” **is generated **and all contactors open.**
225 )))
226
227 === High humidity ===
228
229 The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
230
231 To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
232
233 [[image:1733328399412-184.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
234
235 In this section:
236
237 * Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
238 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
239 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
240 * Delay before setting the error, second;
241 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
242 * Lock the error until the device is reset.
243
244 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
245
246 Error generation conditions:
247
248 * the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
249
250 Conditions for removing the error:
251
252 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
253
254 (% class="box infomessage" %)
255 (((
256 If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
257 )))
258
259 === Water ===
260
261 The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
262
263 To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
264
265 [[image:1733328399413-393.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
266
267 In this section:
268
269 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
270 * Maximum humidity, RH%;
271 * Tolerant humidity, RH%;
272 * Delay before setting the error, second;
273 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
274 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
275
276 As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
277
278 Error generation conditions:
279
280 * the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
281
282 Conditions for removing the error:
283
284 * the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
285
286 (% class="box infomessage" %)
287 (((
288 If there is the “Water” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open**.
289 )))
290
291 === Logic high temperature ===
292
293 To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
294
295 [[image:1733328399414-280.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
296
297 In this section:
298
299 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
300 * Maximum temperature, °C;
301 * Tolerant temperature, °C;
302 * Delay before setting the error, second;
303 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
304 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
305
306 As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
307
308 Error generation conditions:
309
310 * a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
311
312 Conditions for removing the error:
313
314 * a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
315
316 (% class="box infomessage" %)
317 (((
318 Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
319 )))
320
321 === Logic offline ===
322
323 To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
324
325 [[image:1733328399416-818.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="86" width="800"]]
326
327 In this section:
328
329 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
330 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
331
332 As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
333
334 Error generation conditions:
335
336 * at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
337
338 Conditions for removing the error:
339
340 * all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
341
342 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
343 (((
344 If there is the "Logic offline" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
345 )))
346
347 === Cell count ===
348
349 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
350
351 [[image:1733328415731-223.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
352
353 In this section:
354
355 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
356 * Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
357 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
358 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
359 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
360
361 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
362
363 Error generation conditions:
364
365 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **not equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
366
367 Conditions for removing the error:
368
369 * the number of cells connected to the BMS is **equal** to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
370
371 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
372 (((
373 If there is the "Cell count error", the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
374 )))
375
376 === Logic count ===
377
378 To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
379
380 [[image:1733328415732-163.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="110" width="800"]]
381
382 In this section:
383
384 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
385 * Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
386 * Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
387 * Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
388
389 As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
390
391 Error generation conditions:
392
393 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **not equal** to the “Logic count” value.
394
395 Conditions for removing the error:
396
397 * the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is **equal** to the “Logic count” value.
398
399 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
400 (((
401 If there is the "Logic count error", the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
402 )))
403
404 === Short circuit ===
405
406 The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
407
408 To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
409
410 [[image:1735224667621-969.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="153" width="800"]]
411
412 In this section:
413
414 * Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
415 ** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
416 ** Maximum current, A;
417 ** Delay before setting the error, second;
418 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
419 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
420
421 If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
422
423 Error generation conditions:
424
425 * at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
426
427 Conditions for removing the error:
428
429 * the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
430
431 (% class="box infomessage" %)
432 (((
433 If there is the "Short circuit" error, **charging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the charging contactor on error” flag is set) and **discharging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the discharging contactor on error flag” is set).
434 )))
435
436 === High contactor temperature ===
437
438 The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
439
440 To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
441
442 [[image:1735224706573-347.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
443
444 In this section:
445
446 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
447 * Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
448 * Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
449 * Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
450 * Delay before setting the error, second;
451 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
452 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
453
454 If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
455
456 Error generation conditions:
457
458 * the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
459
460 Conditions for removing the error:
461
462 * the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
463
464 (% class="box infomessage" %)
465 (((
466 If there is the "High contactor temperature" error, **charging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the charging contactor on error” flag is set) and **discharging **contactor opens (if the “Switch off the discharging contactor on error” flag is set).
467 )))
468
469 === Current sensor ===
470
471 The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
472
473 To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
474
475 [[image:1733328461552-948.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
476
477 In this section:
478
479 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
480 * Maximum voltage, V;
481 * Minimum voltage, V;
482 * Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
483 * Delay before setting the error, second;
484 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
485 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
486
487 If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
488
489 Error generation conditions:
490
491 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
492 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
493
494 Conditions for removing the error:
495
496 * the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
497
498 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
499 (((
500 If there is the “Current sensor error”, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
501 )))
502
503 === Power switch ===
504
505 BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
506
507 [[image:1733328461554-241.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
508
509 In this section:
510
511 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
512 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
513
514 The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
515
516 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
517 (((
518 If there is the "Power switch error", the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
519 )))
520
521 === Power fault ===
522
523 TBA
524
525 === Charge contactor cycles ===
526
527 The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
528
529 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
530
531 [[image:1733328461555-351.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
532
533 In this section:
534
535 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
536 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
537 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
538 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
539 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
540 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
541
542 If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
543
544 Error generation conditions:
545
546 * the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
547
548 Conditions for removing the error:
549
550 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
551
552 (% class="box infomessage" %)
553 (((
554 If there is the "CH contactor cycles error" error, the **charging **contactor opens.
555 )))
556
557 === Discharge contactor cycles ===
558
559 The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
560
561 To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
562
563 [[image:1733328461560-301.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
564
565 In this section:
566
567 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
568 * Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
569 * Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
570 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
571 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
572 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
573
574 If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
575
576 Error generation conditions:
577
578 * the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
579
580 Conditions for removing the error:
581
582 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
583
584 (% class="box infomessage" %)
585 (((
586 If there is the "DCH contactor cycles error" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
587 )))
588
589 === Temperature sensors ===
590
591 The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
592
593 To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
594
595 [[image:1733328471918-980.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
596
597 In this section:
598
599 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
600 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
601 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
602 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
603
604 If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
605
606 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
607 (((
608 If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
609 )))
610
611 === WDT reset ===
612
613 If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
614
615 To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
616
617 [[image:1733328471919-183.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
618
619 In this section:
620
621 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
622 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
623 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
624
625 Conditions for removing the error:
626
627 * the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
628
629 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
630 (((
631 If there is the "WDT reset" error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
632 )))
633
634 === Unallowable charging ===
635
636 The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
637
638 To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
639
640 [[image:1733328471920-923.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
641
642 In this section:
643
644 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
645 * Delay before setting the error, second;
646 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
647 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
648
649 If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
650
651 Error generation conditions:
652
653 * the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
654
655 Conditions for removing the error:
656
657 * the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
658
659 (% class="box infomessage" %)
660 (((
661 If there is the "Unallowable charging" error, the **discharging **contactor opens.
662 )))
663
664 === Stuck contactor ===
665
666 The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
667
668 To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
669
670 [[image:1733328471920-314.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
671
672 In this section:
673
674 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
675 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
676 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
677 * Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
678 * Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
679 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
680
681 If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
682
683 * The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
684
685 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
686 (((
687 If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
688 )))
689
690 === Contactor feedback ===
691
692 The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
693
694 To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
695
696 [[image:1733328487096-144.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
697
698 In this section:
699
700 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
701 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
702 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
703 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
704
705 If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
706
707 * a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
708
709 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
710 (((
711 If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the **“Critical error” **is generated and **all relays open.**
712 )))
713
714 === Insulation ===
715
716 The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
717
718 To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
719
720 [[image:1733328487098-963.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
721
722 In this section:
723
724 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
725 * Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
726 ** Always on – check is always performed;
727 ** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
728 ** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
729 * Delay before setting the error, second;
730 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
731 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
732
733 The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
734
735 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
736 (((
737 If there is the “Insulation fault”, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
738 )))
739
740 === HVIL ===
741
742 The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
743
744 To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
745
746 [[image:1735224839441-185.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
747
748 In this section:
749
750 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
751 * Source is OFF: Lower current limit, A;
752 * Source is OFF: Upper current limit, A;
753 * Source is ON: Lower current limit, A;
754 * Source is ON: Upper current limit, A;
755 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
756
757 If interlock loop breaks and its current is out of the configured ranges, the “HVIL error” is generated. Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
758
759 (% class="box warningmessage" %)
760 (((
761 If there is the “HVIL error”, the **“Critical error”** is generated and **all relays open.**
762 )))
763
764 === Critical error ===
765
766 To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
767
768 [[image:1733328487100-898.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
769
770 In this section:
771
772 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
773 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
774 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
775 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
776
777 The critical error flag is generated if at least one of the following errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time:
778
779 * “Battery cover error”;
780 * “Water”;
781 * “Logic offline”;
782 * “Cell count error”;
783 * “ADC error”;
784 * “Current sensor error”;
785 * “Shunt offline”;
786 * “Shunt error”;
787 * “WDT reset”
788 * “No temp. sensors”;
789 * “Temperature sensor shorted”;
790 * “Stuck contactor”;
791 * “CH contactor feedback error”;
792 * “DCH contactor feedback error”;
793 * “Insulation fault”;
794 * “PCH contactor feedback error”;
795 * “CH/DCH contactor feedback error”;
796 * “Main contactor feedback error”;
797 * “High voltage fault”;
798 * “Power switch error”;
799 * “HVIL error”l
800 * “Power fault”.
801
802 The “Critical error” is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
803
804 (% class="box infomessage" %)
805 (((
806 If there is the “Critical error”, **all **contactors open.
807 )))
808
809 === General error ===
810
811 To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
812
813 [[image:1735224942262-497.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
814
815 In this section:
816
817 * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
818 * Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
819 * Delay before clearing the error, second;
820 * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
821 * Errors 1, 2 to set the "Critical error" – bitfields to enable check of corresponding errors.
822
823 The general error flag is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
824
825 The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
826
827 (% class="box infomessage" %)
828 (((
829 The state of the “General error” can be output to a discrete output or a power switch.
830 )))