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Changes for page 3.4 Protections

Last modified by Admin on 2025/06/11 15:57
From version 3.2
edited by Admin
on 2025/02/28 14:53
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 24.1
edited by Admin
on 2025/06/11 15:57
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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20 20  
21 21  [[image:1740754371437-635.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="142" width="800"]]
22 22  
23 +In this section:
23 23  
25 +* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
26 +* Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a threshold current value, dividing regions 1 and 2 with their error generation conditions, A;
27 +* Region 1: Current difference – an absolute difference of measured battery current and calculated value “Charge current limit”, at which error is generated (condition for Region 1), A;
28 +* Region 2: Current difference – a relative difference of measured battery current and calculated value “Charge current limit”, at which error is generated (conditions for Region 2), %;
29 +* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
30 +* Delay before clearing the error, second;
31 +* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
32 +
33 +As a result of the operation of the charging current limit protection, the “Current limit error (CH)” is generated.
34 +
35 +Error generation conditions:
36 +
37 +* if the current is positive, less than “Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2” value and exceeds “Charge current limit” by the “Region 1: Current difference” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
38 +* if the current is positive, more than “Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2” value and exceeds “Charge current limit” by the (“Region 2: Current difference” × “Charge current limit”) / 100 value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
39 +
40 +Error is cleared if conditions for generating an error do not apply during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
41 +
42 +=== Discharging current limit ===
43 +
44 +The BMS Main X device protects the battery from discharging current higher than estimated current limit.
45 +
46 +To configure parameters of the charge current limit, select the "Protections → Discharge current limit " section:
47 +
48 +[[image:1740754420820-767.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
49 +
50 +In this section:
51 +
52 +* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
53 +* Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a threshold current value, dividing regions 1 and 2 with their error generation conditions, A;
54 +* Region 1: Current difference – an absolute difference of measured battery current and calculated value “Discharge current limit”, at which error is generated (condition for Region 1), A;
55 +* Region 2: Current difference – a relative difference of measured battery current and calculated value “Discharge current limit”, at which error is generated (conditions for Region 2), %;
56 +* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
57 +* Delay before clearing the error, second;
58 +* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
59 +
60 +As a result of the operation of the charging current limit protection, the “Current limit error (DCH)” is generated.
61 +
62 +Error generation conditions:
63 +
64 +* if the current is negative, and the current modulus is less than “Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2” value and exceeds “Discharge current limit” by the “Region 1: Current difference” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
65 +* if the current is negative, and the current modulus is more than “Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2” value and exceeds “Discharge current limit” by the (“Region 2: Current difference” × “Discharge current limit”) / 100 value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
66 +
67 +Error is cleared if conditions for generating an error do not apply during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
68 +
24 24  === Battery cover ===
25 25  
26 26  The BMS Main X device detects the opening of the battery cover and performs a protective opening of the contactors.
... ... @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
27 27  
28 28  Battery cover protection is configured in the "Protections - Battery cover" section:
29 29  
30 -[[image:1734356776691-451.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="66" width="600"]]
75 +[[image:1734356776691-451.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="88" width="800"]]
31 31  
32 32  In this section:
33 33  
... ... @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
46 46  
47 47  (% class="box warningmessage" %)
48 48  (((
49 -If there is the "Battery cover" error, the **"Critical error flag" is generated and all battery contactors open.**
94 +If there is the "Battery cover" error, the **"Critical error flag" is generated.**
50 50  )))
51 51  
52 52  === Insulation ===
... ... @@ -55,26 +55,24 @@
55 55  
56 56  Insulation protection is configured in the "Protections - Insulation" section:
57 57  
58 -[[image:1734356776694-257.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="68" width="600"]]
103 +[[image:1740754491323-815.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
59 59  
60 60  In this section:
61 61  
62 -* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
63 -* Delay before setting the error;
64 -* Delay before clearing the error;
107 +* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
108 +* Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
109 +** Always on – check is always performed;
110 +** On charging – check is performed only if the “Charge request” is set;
111 +** Except charging - check is performed only if the “Charge request” is cleared;
112 +* Delay before setting the error, second;
113 +* Delay before clearing the error, second;
65 65  * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
66 66  
67 -As a result of the operation of the insulation fault protection, the error “Insulation fault” is generated. Conditions for generating the error:
116 +The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
68 68  
69 -* presence of the “Insulation status” signal during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
70 -
71 -Conditions for clearing the error:
72 -
73 -* no “Insulation status” signal during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
74 -
75 75  (% class="box warningmessage" %)
76 76  (((
77 -If there is the "Insulation fault" error, **the critical error flag is generated and all battery contactors open.**
120 +If there is the "Insulation fault" error, **the critical error flag is generated.**
78 78  )))
79 79  
80 80  === Contactor feedback ===
... ... @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
83 83  
84 84  Contactor feedback protection is configured in the “Protections – Contactor feedback” section:
85 85  
86 -[[image:1734356776695-557.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="67" width="600"]]
129 +[[image:1734356776695-557.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="89" width="800"]]
87 87  
88 88  In this section:
89 89  
... ... @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
102 102  
103 103  (% class="box warningmessage" %)
104 104  (((
105 -If there is the “CH contactor feedback error”, “DCH contactor feedback error”, or “CH/DCH contactor feedback error”, **the critical error flag is generated and all battery contactors open.**
148 +If there is the “CH contactor feedback error”, “DCH contactor feedback error”, or “CH/DCH contactor feedback error”, **the critical error flag is generated.**
106 106  )))
107 107  
108 108  === Module offline ===
... ... @@ -111,61 +111,73 @@
111 111  
112 112  Protection against loss of communication with battery modules is configured in the "Protections - Module offline" section:
113 113  
114 -[[image:1734356793441-881.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="75" width="600"]]
157 +[[image:1740754588971-137.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="118" width="800"]]
115 115  
116 116  In this section:
117 117  
118 -* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
119 -* Delay before setting the error;
120 -* Delay before clearing the error;
121 -* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
161 +* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
162 +* Number of offline modules to set the error;
163 +* Delay before setting the error, second;
164 +* Delay before clearing the error, second;
165 +* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
122 122  
123 -As a result of the protection against loss of communication with the battery module, the “Module offline” error is generated. Conditions for generating the error:
167 +As a result of the protection from loss of communication with battery modules, the "Module offline" error is generated.
124 124  
125 -* at least one of the battery modules does not respond to commands within the "Delay before setting the error" time.
169 +Error generation conditions:
126 126  
127 -Conditions for clearing the error:
171 +* more than “Number of offline modules to set the error” battery modules do not respond to the commands of the BMS Main X device within “Delay before setting the error” time.
128 128  
129 -* all battery modules respond to commands within the "Delay before clearing the error" time.
173 +Conditions for removing the error:
130 130  
175 +* less than “Number of offline modules to set the error” battery modules do not respond to the commands of the BMS Main X device within “Delay before clearing the error” time.
176 +
131 131  (% class="box warningmessage" %)
132 132  (((
133 -If there is the "Module offline" error, **the critical error flag is generated and all battery contactors open.**
179 +If there is the "Module offline" error, **“Critical error” is generated.**
134 134  )))
135 135  
136 -=== Voltage unbalance ===
182 +=== Voltage unbalance (in any state) ===
137 137  
138 138  Before closing the contactors for charging and discharging battery modules, the BMS Main X device detects those modules whose voltage is significantly different from the rest. For unbalanced modules, errors "Voltage unbalance (CH)" (charge circuit) and "Voltage unbalance (DCH)" (discharge circuit) are generated.
139 139  
140 -Protection against voltage unbalance of battery modules is configured in the section "Protections - Voltage unbalance":
186 +Protection against voltage unbalance of battery modules is configured in the section "Protections - Voltage unbalance (in any state)":
141 141  
142 -[[image:1734356793449-249.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="75" width="600"]]
188 +[[image:1740754732291-420.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="127" width="800"]]
143 143  
144 144  In this section:
145 145  
146 146  * Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
147 147  * Delta voltage – maximum allowable voltage difference of battery modules, V;
194 +* Use the open circuit voltage to detect the error – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and module resistance) module voltage;
148 148  * Delay before setting the error;
149 149  * Delay before clearing the error;
197 +* Set the 'Voltage unbalance' error for the modules that are not ready to charge/discharge;
150 150  * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
151 151  
152 -As a result of the operation of the voltage unbalance protection the errors “Voltage unbalance (CH)” and “Voltage unbalance (DCH)” are generated. Conditions for generating the error:
200 +As a result of the operation of the voltage unbalance protection the errors “Voltage unbalance (CH)” and “Voltage unbalance (DCH)” are generated.
153 153  
154 -* battery module is not included in the largest group of modules whose voltages differ from each other by no more than "Delta voltage" during the "Delay before setting the error" time.
202 +Conditions for generating the error:
155 155  
204 +* battery module is not included in the largest group of modules whose voltages differ from each other by no more than "Delta voltage" during the "Delay before setting the error" time;
205 +* module is not ready to charge or discharge;
206 +
156 156  Conditions for clearing the error:
157 157  
158 -* battery module is in the largest group of balanced modules during the "Delay before clearing the error" time.
209 +* battery module is in the largest group of balanced modules during the "Delay before clearing the error" time;
210 +* module is ready to charge or discharge.
159 159  
160 -If there is the error "Voltage unbalance (CH)" ("Voltage unbalance (DCH)"), the charging (discharging) contactor of the battery module opens.
212 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
213 +(((
214 +If there is the “Voltage unbalance (CH)” or "Voltage unbalance (DCH)" error, **corresponding battery module do not close its contactors while joining  to charge of discharge**.
215 +)))
161 161  
162 -=== Current unbalance ===
217 +=== Current unbalance (in “Balancing” state) ===
163 163  
164 164  When battery modules are connected in parallel, the most charged modules transfer charge to the least charged modules. The process of charge transfer is accompanied by the flow of balancing currents. The BMS Main X device detects modules with high balancing currents and generates “Current unbalance (CH)” (charge circuit) and “Current unbalance (DCH)” (discharge circuit) errors for them.
165 165  
166 166  Protection against current unbalance of battery modules is configured in the section "Protections - Current unbalance":
167 167  
168 -[[image:1734356793451-440.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="77" width="600"]]
223 +[[image:1749657225475-323.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="91" width="600"]]
169 169  
170 170  In this section:
171 171  
... ... @@ -173,19 +173,25 @@
173 173  * Maximum current – a maximum allowable self-balancing current of battery modules, A;
174 174  * Delay before setting the error;
175 175  * Delay before clearing the error;
231 +* Check all the time (not only in the ‘Balancing’ state) – a flag to enable voltage check not only in “Balancing” state;
176 176  * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
177 177  
178 -As a result of the operation of the current unbalance protection the errors “Current unbalance (CH)” and “Current unbalance (DCH)” are generated. Conditions for generating the error:
234 +As a result of the operation of the current unbalance protection the errors “Current unbalance (CH)” and “Current unbalance (DCH)” are generated.
179 179  
180 -* current of the battery module is greater than the "Maximum current" value during the "Delay before setting the error" time.
236 +Conditions for generating the error:
181 181  
238 +* the current of the battery module is greater than the "Maximum current" value during the "Delay before setting the error" time.
239 +
182 182  Conditions for clearing the error:
183 183  
184 -* current of the battery module is less than the "Maximum current" value during the "Delay before clearing the error" time.
242 +* the current of the battery module is less than the "Maximum current" value during the "Delay before clearing the error" time.
185 185  
186 -If there is the error "Current unbalance (CH)" ("Current unbalance (DCH)"), the charging (discharging) contactor of the battery module opens.
244 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
245 +(((
246 +If there is the “Current unbalance (CH)” or "Current unbalance (DCH)" error, **corresponding battery module opens its charging or discharging contactor**.
247 +)))
187 187  
188 -=== Charging current unbalance ===
249 +=== Charging current unbalance (in “Charging” state) ===
189 189  
190 190  During battery charging, the currents of the battery modules may vary. The BMS Main X device detects modules whose charging currents are significantly different from the currents of other modules and generates the “Charging current unbalance” errors for them.
191 191  
... ... @@ -201,8 +201,10 @@
201 201  * Delay before clearing the error;
202 202  * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
203 203  
204 -As a result of the operation of the protection the “Charging current unbalance” are generated. Conditions for generating the errors:
265 +As a result of the operation of the protection the “Charging current unbalance” are generated.
205 205  
267 +Conditions for generating the errors:
268 +
206 206  * battery module is not included in the largest group of modules whose charge currents differ from each other by no more than "Delta current" during the "Delay before setting the error" time.
207 207  
208 208  Conditions for clearing the error:
... ... @@ -209,9 +209,12 @@
209 209  
210 210  * battery module is included in the largest group of modules with similar charge currents during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
211 211  
212 -If there is the “Charging current unbalance” error, the battery module charging contactor opens.
275 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
276 +(((
277 +If there is the “Charging current unbalance” error, **corresponding battery module opens its charging contactor**.
278 +)))
213 213  
214 -=== Discharging current unbalance ===
280 +=== Discharging current unbalance (in “Discharging” state) ===
215 215  
216 216  During battery discharging, the currents of the battery modules may vary. The BMS Main X device detects modules whose discharging currents are significantly different from the currents of other modules and generates the “Discharging current unbalance” errors for them.
217 217  
... ... @@ -227,8 +227,10 @@
227 227  * Delay before clearing the error;
228 228  * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
229 229  
230 -As a result of the operation of the protection the “Discharging current unbalance” are generated. Conditions for generating the errors:
296 +As a result of the operation of the protection the “Discharging current unbalance” are generated.
231 231  
298 +Conditions for generating the errors:
299 +
232 232  * battery module is not included in the largest group of modules whose discharge currents differ from each other by no more than "Delta current" during the "Delay before setting the error" time.
233 233  
234 234  Conditions for clearing the error:
... ... @@ -235,33 +235,79 @@
235 235  
236 236  * battery module is included in the largest group of modules with similar discharge currents during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
237 237  
238 -If there is the “Discharging current unbalance” error, the battery module discharging contactor opens.
306 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
307 +(((
308 +If there is the “Discharging current unbalance” error, **corresponding battery module opens its discharging contactor**.
309 +)))
239 239  
240 -=== Critical error ===
311 +=== High contactor temperature ===
241 241  
242 -Parameters for generating the critical error are configured in the "Protections - Critical error" section:
313 +The BMS Main X device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
243 243  
244 -[[image:1734356802719-477.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="69" width="600"]]
315 +To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
245 245  
317 +[[image:1740756362809-292.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="161" width="800"]]
318 +
246 246  In this section:
247 247  
248 -* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
249 -* Delay before setting the error;
250 -* Delay before clearing the error;
321 +* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
322 +* Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
323 +* Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
324 +* Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
325 +* Delay before setting the error, second;
326 +* Delay before clearing the error, second;
251 251  * Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
252 252  
253 -The critical error flag is generated if at least one of the following errors persists during the "Delay before setting the error" time:
329 +If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
254 254  
255 -* «Battery cover»;
256 -* «Insulation fault»;
257 -* «CH contactor feedback error»;
258 -* «DCH contactor feedback error»;
259 -* «CH/DCH contactor feedback error»;
260 -* «Module offline».
331 +Error generation conditions:
261 261  
262 -The critical error flag is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the "Delay before clearing the error" time.
333 +* the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
263 263  
335 +Conditions for removing the error:
336 +
337 +* the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
338 +
339 +=== WDT reset ===
340 +
341 +If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
342 +
343 +To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
344 +
345 +[[image:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3X.3\. Configuration.3\.4 Protections.WebHome@1734090244845-157.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="93" width="800"]]
346 +
347 +In this section:
348 +
349 +* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
350 +* Delay before clearing the error, second;
351 +* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
352 +
353 +Conditions for removing the error:
354 +
355 +* the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
356 +
264 264  (% class="box warningmessage" %)
265 265  (((
266 -**When the critical error flag is present, all battery contactors open.**
359 +If there is the "WDT reset" error, **“Critical error” is generated.**
267 267  )))
361 +
362 +=== Critical error ===
363 +
364 +Some of the errors are system critical. A separate signal named "Critical error" indicates a BMS fault.
365 +
366 +To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
367 +
368 +
369 +[[image:1749657441588-644.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="116" width="800"]]
370 +
371 +In this section:
372 +
373 +* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
374 +* Module errors 1, 2 to set the critical error – bitfields with module errors that generate critical error when appear on any module;
375 +* Delay before setting the error;
376 +* Delay before clearing the error;
377 +* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
378 +
379 +The "Critical error" signal is generated if at least one of the critical errors (see [[Errors>>doc:Battery management systems.Additional information.2\. Strings controllers\: signals and errors.WebHome||anchor="HErrors"]]) is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
380 +
381 +The “Critical error" signal is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
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