Wiki source code of 3.4 Protections

Version 43.2 by Admin on 2025/10/14 10:24

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5.1	2	= Configuration =
1.1	3
	4	(% data-numbered-headings-start="4" style="--numbered-headings-start: 3;font-size: 0px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0);margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" %)
	5	== Protections ==
	6
	7	The BMS Main 3 device continuously monitors the state of the cells, the external environment and, when detecting abnormalities, protects the battery and system components from damage.
	8
21.1	9	(% class="box errormessage" %)
18.1	10	(((
	11	Attention!
	12	Behavior of contactors at different errors is configured in corresponding contactor settings!
	13	)))
	14
2.1	15	=== Overcurrent ===
1.1	16
	17	The BMS Main 3 device performs the overcurrent protection depending on current sensor values.
	18
	19	To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Overcurrent" section:
	20
11.2	21	[[image:1735224601506-488.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
1.1	22
	23	In this section:
	24
	25	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	26	* Maximum charging current, А;
	27	* Tolerant charging current, А;
	28	* Maximum discharging current, А;
	29	* Tolerant discharging current, А;
	30	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	31	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	32	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	33
	34	As a result of operation of the overcurrent protection, the "Overcurrent" error is generated.
	35
	36	Error generation conditions:
	37
	38	* the current is positive (charging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum charging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time;
	39	* the current is negative (discharging), and its modulo value is greater than the “Maximum discharging current” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	40
	41	Conditions for removing the error:
	42
	43	* the current is positive (charging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant charging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time;
	44	* the current is negative (discharging) or zero, and its modulo value is less than the “Tolerant discharging current” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	45
6.2	46	=== Charge current limit ===
	47
17.2	48	The BMS Main 3 device can check if the charging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Charge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome\|\|anchor="HChargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
6.2	49
16.46	50	Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
16.15	51
16.8	52	To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Charge current limit" section:
16.2	53
16.8	54	[[image:1735225207687-430.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]In this section:
	55
	56	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
18.1	57	* Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
27.2	58	* Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
18.1	59	* Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
	60	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	61	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	62	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
16.8	63
6.2	64	=== Discharge current limit ===
	65
17.2	66	The BMS Main 3 device can check if the discharging current exceeds the estimated limit based on the [[Discharge map>>doc:Battery management systems.BMS Main 3.3\. Configuration.3\.3 Control.WebHome\|\|anchor="HDischargemap"]]. If current exceeds the calculated limit more than configured difference, "Current limit" error is generated.
6.2	67
16.47	68	Current difference is separated to two regions by the threshold value. Maximum current in Region 1 is calculated by the absolute difference, in Region 2 – by the relative difference.
16.44	69
17.2	70	To change the overcurrent protection of the battery, select the "Protections → Discharge current limit" section:
16.44	71
17.2	72	[[image:1735225942893-869.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
	73
	74	In this section:
	75
	76	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
18.1	77	* Threshold to switch from Region 1 to Region 2 – a current value at which current excess calculation will be switched from absolute to relative difference, A;
27.2	78	* Region 1: Current difference – a value of maximum absolute current difference, A;
18.1	79	* Region 2: Current difference – a value of maximum relative current excess, A;
	80	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	81	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	82	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
17.2	83
2.1	84	=== Undervoltage ===
1.1	85
	86	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low voltage on the cells.
	87
	88	To change the battery protection parameters from low voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Undervoltage" section:
	89
8.2	90	[[image:1735224224155-829.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
1.1	91
	92	In this section:
	93
	94	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	95	* Minimum cell voltage, V;
	96	* Tolerant cell voltage, V;
29.1	97	* Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
1.1	98	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	99	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	100	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	101
	102	As a result of the operation of battery protection from low voltage, the "Undervoltage" error is generated.
	103
	104	Error generation conditions:
	105
	106	* the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	107
	108	Conditions for removing the error:
	109
	110	* the minimum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	111
2.1	112	=== Overvoltage ===
1.1	113
	114	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high voltage on the cells.
	115
	116	To change the battery protection parameters from high voltage on the cells, select the "Protections → Overvoltage" section:
	117
9.2	118	[[image:1735224377252-473.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="114" width="800"]]
1.1	119
	120	In this section:
	121
	122	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	123	* Maximum cell voltage, V;
	124	* Tolerant cell voltage, V;
29.1	125	* Check the open circuit voltage instead of the actual voltage – a flag to use the U,,ocv,, (corrected due to current and cell resistance) cell voltage;
1.1	126	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	127	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	128	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	129
	130	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high voltage, the "Overvoltage" error is generated.
	131
	132	Error generation conditions:
	133
	134	* the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum cell voltage” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	135
	136	Conditions for removing the error:
	137
	138	* the maximum voltage among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant cell voltage” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	139
42.2	140	=== Cell imbalance ===
	141
43.2	142	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too much cell imbalance. If balancing algorithm is not enough to compensate battery imbalance, then imbalance protection generates an error when imbalance is above estimated threshold.
42.2	143
43.2	144	To change the battery protection parameters from cell imbalance, select the "Protections → Cell imbalance" section:
42.2	145
43.2	146	[[image:1760437465709-702.png]]
	147
	148	In this section:
	149
	150	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	151	* Minimum charge temperature, °C;
	152	* Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
	153	* Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
	154	* Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
	155	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	156	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	157	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	158
	159	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
	160
	161	Error generation conditions:
	162
	163	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	164
	165	Conditions for removing the error:
	166
	167	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	168
2.1	169	=== Low temperature ===
1.1	170
	171	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too low temperature.
	172
	173	To change the battery protection parameters from low temperature, select the "Protections → Low temperature" section:
	174
2.1	175	[[image:1733328382382-670.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="137" width="800"]]
1.1	176
	177	In this section:
	178
	179	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	180	* Minimum charge temperature, °C;
	181	* Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
	182	* Minimum discharge temperature, °C;
	183	* Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
	184	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	185	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	186	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	187
	188	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from low temperature, the "Low temperature (CH)" and/or “Low temperature (DCH)” error are generated.
	189
	190	Error generation conditions:
	191
	192	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Minimum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	193
	194	Conditions for removing the error:
	195
	196	* the minimum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	197
2.1	198	=== High temperature ===
1.1	199
	200	The BMS Main 3 device implements battery protection from too high temperature.
	201
	202	To change the battery protection parameters from high temperature, select the "Protections → High temperature" section:
	203
2.1	204	[[image:1733328399408-279.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="138" width="800"]]
1.1	205
	206	In this section:
	207
	208	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	209	* Maximum charge temperature, °C;
	210	* Tolerant charge temperature, °C;
	211	* Maximum discharge temperature, °C;
	212	* Tolerant discharge temperature, °C;
	213	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	214	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	215	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	216
	217	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high temperature, the "High temperature (CH)" or “High temperature (DCH)” error is generated.
	218
	219	Error generation conditions:
	220
	221	* the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is greater than the “Maximum charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	222
	223	Conditions for removing the error:
	224
	225	* the maximum temperature among all cells of the battery is less than the “Tolerant charging (discharging) temperature” value for the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	226
2.1	227	=== Battery cover ===
1.1	228
	229	To change the protection parameters from opening the battery cover, select the "Protections → Battery cover" section:
	230
2.1	231	[[image:1733328399410-529.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="113" width="800"]]
1.1	232
	233	In this section:
	234
	235	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	236	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	237	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	238	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	239
	240	As a result of the operation of the protection against opening the battery cover, the “Battery cover error” is generated.
	241
	242	Error generation conditions:
	243
	244	* there is a signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	245
	246	Conditions for removing the error:
	247
	248	* no signal from the battery cover during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	249
2.1	250	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	251	(((
18.1	252	If there is the "Battery cover error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	253	)))
1.1	254
2.1	255	=== High humidity ===
1.1	256
	257	The BMS Main 3 can detect that the battery is operating in high humidity conditions.
	258
	259	To change the detection parameters, select the "Protections → High humidity" section:
	260
2.1	261	[[image:1733328399412-184.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="106" width="800"]]
1.1	262
	263	In this section:
	264
	265	* Enable – a flag to enable the detection;
	266	* Maximum humidity, RH%;
	267	* Tolerant humidity, RH%;
	268	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	269	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	270	* Lock the error until the device is reset.
	271
	272	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from high humidity, the "High humidity" error is generated.
	273
	274	Error generation conditions:
	275
	276	* the measured humidity is greater than “Maximum humidity” during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	277
	278	Conditions for removing the error:
	279
	280	* the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	281
2.1	282	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	283	(((
1.1	284	If there is the "High humidity" error, no action is taken. The error is indicative.
2.1	285	)))
1.1	286
2.1	287	=== Water ===
1.1	288
	289	The BMS Main 3 can protect the battery from working in very high humidity conditions.
	290
	291	To change the protection parameters, select the "Protections → Water" section:
	292
2.1	293	[[image:1733328399413-393.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="107" width="800"]]
1.1	294
	295	In this section:
	296
	297	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	298	* Maximum humidity, RH%;
	299	* Tolerant humidity, RH%;
	300	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	301	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	302	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	303
	304	As a result of the operation of the battery protection from water, the "Water" error is generated.
	305
	306	Error generation conditions:
	307
	308	* the measured humidity is greater than the “Maximum humidity” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	309
	310	Conditions for removing the error:
	311
	312	* the measured humidity is less than the “Tolerant humidity” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	313
18.1	314	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
2.1	315	(((
18.1	316	If there is the “Water” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	317	)))
1.1	318
6.4	319	=== Logic high temperature ===
1.1	320
	321	To change the overheating protection parameters of BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → High Logic temperature" section:
	322
2.1	323	[[image:1733328399414-280.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="105" width="800"]]
1.1	324
	325	In this section:
	326
	327	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	328	* Maximum temperature, °C;
	329	* Tolerant temperature, °C;
	330	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	331	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	332	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	333
	334	As a result of the operation of the protection from high temperatures of BMS Logic devices, the "High Logic temperature" is generated.
	335
	336	Error generation conditions:
	337
	338	* a BMS Logic device temperature is higher than the “Maximum temperature” value.
	339
	340	Conditions for removing the error:
	341
	342	* a BMS Logic device temperature is less than the “Tolerant temperature” value.
	343
4.1	344	(% class="box infomessage" %)
2.1	345	(((
4.1	346	Cell balancing is disabled on Logic devices with high temperature.
2.1	347	)))
1.1	348
2.1	349	=== Logic offline ===
1.1	350
	351	To change the protection parameters from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, select the "Protections → Logic offline" section:
	352
34.1	353	[[image:1755871522789-489.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
1.1	354
34.1	355
1.1	356	In this section:
	357
	358	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
34.1	359	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	360	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
1.1	361	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	362
	363	As a result of the protection from loss of communication with BMS Logic devices, the "Logic offline" error is generated.
	364
	365	Error generation conditions:
	366
	367	* at least one of the connected BMS Logic devices does not respond to the commands of the BMS Main device for 10 seconds.
	368
	369	Conditions for removing the error:
	370
	371	* all connected BMS Logic devices respond to the commands of the BMS Main device.
	372
2.1	373	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	374	(((
18.1	375	If there is the "Logic offline" error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	376	)))
	377
	378	=== Cell count ===
	379
	380	To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of cells to the set value, select the "Protections → Cell count" section:
	381
	382	[[image:1733328415731-223.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
	383
	384	In this section:
	385
	386	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	387	* Number of cells – a number of cells connected to the BMS;
	388	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	389	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	390	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	391
	392	As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "Cell count error" is generated.
	393
	394	Error generation conditions:
	395
	396	* the number of cells connected to the BMS is not equal to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	397
	398	Conditions for removing the error:
	399
	400	* the number of cells connected to the BMS is equal to the “Number of cells” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	401
	402	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	403	(((
18.1	404	If there is the "Cell count error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	405	)))
	406
35.2	407	=== Temperature sensor count ===
	408
	409	To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of temperature sensors to the set value, select the "Protections → Temperature sensor count" section:
	410
	411	[[image:1755871582533-550.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
	412
	413	In this section:
	414
	415	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	416	* Number of cells – a number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS;
	417	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	418	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	419	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	420
37.1	421	As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of cells, the "T-sensor count error" is generated.
35.2	422
	423	Error generation conditions:
	424
37.1	425	* the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is not equal to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
35.2	426
	427	Conditions for removing the error:
	428
37.1	429	* the number of temperature sensors connected to the BMS is equal to the “Number of temperature sensors” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
35.2	430
	431	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	432	(((
37.1	433	If there is the "T-sensor count error", the “Critical error” is generated.
35.2	434	)))
	435
2.1	436	=== Logic count ===
	437
	438	To change the protection parameters from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices to the set value, select the "Protections → Logic count” section:
	439
	440	[[image:1733328415732-163.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="110" width="800"]]
	441
	442	In this section:
	443
	444	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	445	* Logic count – a number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main;
	446	* Scan fast – a flag to scan BMS Logic devices fast (devices with addresses from 1 to “Logic count” are scanned; this mode reduces BMS system startup time);
	447	* Lock – lock the error until the device is reset.
	448
	449	As a result of the operation of the protection from the mismatch of the number of BMS Logic devices, the "Logic count error" is generated.
	450
	451	Error generation conditions:
	452
	453	* the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is not equal to the “Logic count” value.
	454
	455	Conditions for removing the error:
	456
	457	* the number of BMS Logic devices connected to the BMS Main is equal to the “Logic count” value.
	458
	459	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	460	(((
18.1	461	If there is the "Logic count error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	462	)))
	463
	464	=== Short circuit ===
	465
	466	The BMS Main 3 device implements the protection of power circuits (contactors, power wires) against overheating caused by the flow of high current for a long time.
	467
	468	To change the protection parameters from short circuit, select the "Protections → Short circuit" section:
	469
12.2	470	[[image:1735224667621-969.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="153" width="800"]]
2.1	471
	472	In this section:
	473
	474	* Level 1, 2, 3 – three protection levels. The following parameters are configured at each level:
	475	** Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	476	** Maximum current, A;
	477	** Delay before setting the error, second;
	478	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	479	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	480
	481	If there is a short circuit, the "Short circuit" error is generated.
	482
	483	Error generation conditions:
	484
	485	* at any of the three protection levels, the current modulo is greater than the “Maximum current” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	486
	487	Conditions for removing the error:
	488
	489	* the current modulo is lower than the “Maximum current” values for all three protection levels during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	490
	491	=== High contactor temperature ===
	492
	493	The BMS Main 3 device protects power contactors from overheating. To measure the temperature of the contactor, one of the thermistors connected to the X5 connector is used.
	494
	495	To change the overheating protection parameters of power contactors, select the "Protections → High contactor temperature" section:
	496
12.2	497	[[image:1735224706573-347.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="112" width="800"]]
2.1	498
	499	In this section:
	500
	501	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	502	* Thermistor – a selection of which cell thermistor will be used as contactor temperature sensor;
	503	* Maximum contactor temperature, °C;
	504	* Tolerant contactor temperature, °C;
	505	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	506	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	507	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	508
	509	If there is a contactor overheat, the "High contactor temperature" error is generated.
	510
	511	Error generation conditions:
	512
	513	* the contactor temperature is greater than the “Maximum contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	514
	515	Conditions for removing the error:
	516
	517	* the contactor temperature is lower than the “Tolerant contactor temperature” value during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	518
	519	=== Current sensor ===
	520
	521	The BMS Main 3 device checks the current sensor connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit to the +5 V supply line.
	522
	523	To change the test parameters of the current sensor connection circuits, select the "Protections → Current sensor" section:
	524
	525	[[image:1733328461552-948.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="128" width="800"]]
	526
	527	In this section:
	528
	529	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	530	* Maximum voltage, V;
	531	* Minimum voltage, V;
	532	* Voltage hysteresis – a hysteresis value to clear the error, V;
	533	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	534	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	535	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	536
	537	If there is an open or short circuit connection of a current sensor, the "Current sensor error" is generated.
	538
	539	Error generation conditions:
	540
	541	* the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is greater than the “Maximum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time;
	542	* the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is less than the “Minimum voltage” value during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	543
	544	Conditions for removing the error:
	545
	546	* the voltage in the signal line or reference line of the current sensor is in range from (Minimum voltage + Voltage hysteresis) to (Maximum voltage - Voltage hysteresis) during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	547
	548	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	549	(((
18.1	550	If there is the “Current sensor error”, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	551	)))
	552
	553	=== Power switch ===
	554
	555	BMS Main 3 device checks the status of power switches that are used to control the contactors. To change the parameters of the power switch protection, select the "Protections → Power switch" section:
	556
	557	[[image:1733328461554-241.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="99" width="800"]]
	558
	559	In this section:
	560
	561	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	562	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	563
	564	The “Power switch error” occurs when the device detects a shortage in contactor coil control circuit or an overheating of the power switch. Error is removed when the temperature of power switch is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	565
	566	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	567	(((
18.1	568	If there is the "Power switch error", the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	569	)))
	570
22.2	571	=== Power fault ===
	572
22.10	573	BMS Main 3 device checks the status of CAN2, CAN3, RS-485-2 and Current sensors power supply.
22.2	574
23.2	575	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	576	(((
25.1	577	Note: this error can be configured only under "Service" account.
23.2	578	)))
	579
22.10	580	To change the parameters of the power fault error, select the "Protections → Power fault" section:
	581
22.2	582	[[image:1739284154410-676.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="96" width="800"]]
	583
	584	In this section:
	585
25.2	586	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
22.2	587	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
22.3	588	* Time to keep power off, millisecond;
	589	* Delay before clearing the error, millisecond;
22.2	590	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	591
26.1	592	The “Power fault” occurs when the device detects a shortage or high power consumption in power supplies mentioned above. After that BMS turns off the corresponding power supply for "Time to keep power off", then it tries to enable power again.
22.2	593
25.2	594	Error is removed when the power consumption is normal during “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	595
22.2	596	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	597	(((
23.1	598	If there is the "Power fault", the “Critical error” is generated.
22.2	599	)))
	600
2.1	601	=== Charge contactor cycles ===
	602
	603	The BMS Main 3 device protects the charging contactor against frequent switching.
	604
	605	To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the charging contactor, select the "Protections → Charge contactor cycles" section:
	606
	607	[[image:1733328461555-351.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="124" width="800"]]
	608
	609	In this section:
	610
	611	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	612	* Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated;
	613	* Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
	614	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	615	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	616	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	617
	618	If there is a high switching frequency of the charging contactor, the “CH contactor cycles error” is generated.
	619
	620	Error generation conditions:
	621
	622	* the number of switching cycles of the charging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
	623
	624	Conditions for removing the error:
	625
	626	* the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
	627
3.1	628	=== Discharge contactor cycles ===
2.1	629
	630	The BMS Main 3 device protects the discharging contactor against frequent switching.
	631
	632	To change the protection parameters against high frequency switching of the discharging contactor, select the "Protections → Discharging contactor cycles" section:
	633
	634	[[image:1733328461560-301.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
	635
	636	In this section:
	637
	638	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	639	* Cycles threshold – a number of cycles in a given period, upon which the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated;
	640	* Check time – a time in which the BMS counts switching cycles of the charging contactor, second;
	641	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	642	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	643	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	644
	645	If there is the high switching frequency of the discharging contactor, the “DCH contactor cycles error” is generated.
	646
	647	Error generation conditions:
	648
	649	* the number of switching cycles of the discharging contactor for the “Check time” time is greater than or equal to the “Cycles threshold” value. The error is generated with the “Delay before setting the error” delay.
	650
	651	Conditions for removing the error:
	652
	653	* the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed since the error was generated.
	654
	655	=== Temperature sensors ===
	656
	657	The BMS Main 3 device checks the temperature sensors connection circuits. The circuits are checked for breakage and short-circuit.
	658
	659	To change the protection parameters of the temperature sensors circuits, select the "Protections → Temperature sensors" section:
	660
	661	[[image:1733328471918-980.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
	662
	663	In this section:
	664
	665	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	666	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	667	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	668	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	669
	670	If there are no temperature sensors connected to any BMS Logic device or any temperature sensor of the BMS Logic is shorted, the "No temp. sensors" error and "Temp. sensor is shorted" error are generated respectively. These errors generated and removed with the “Delay before setting the error” and “Delay before clearing the error” delays.
	671
	672	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	673	(((
18.1	674	If there is the “No temp. sensors” or “Temp. sensor is shorted” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	675	)))
	676
	677	=== WDT reset ===
	678
	679	If the BMS firmware hangs, the watchdog timer resets the device. The BMS can detect that the device was reset and generates the “WDT reset” error.
	680
	681	To change the parameters of the watchdog protection, select the "Protections → WDT reset" section:
	682
	683	[[image:1733328471919-183.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
	684
	685	In this section:
	686
	687	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	688	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	689	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	690
	691	Conditions for removing the error:
	692
	693	* the “Delay before clearing the error” time has passed from the device startup.
	694
	695	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	696	(((
18.1	697	If there is the "WDT reset" error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	698	)))
	699
4.1	700	=== Unallowable charging ===
2.1	701
	702	The BMS can detect that the battery is charging through the discharging circuit and protectively open the discharging contactor to prevent unallowable battery operation.
	703
	704	To change the parameters of the unallowable charging protection, select the "Protections → Unallowable charging" section:
	705
	706	[[image:1733328471920-923.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="97" width="800"]]
	707
	708	In this section:
	709
	710	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	711	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	712	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	713	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	714
	715	If there is charging the battery through the discharging circuit detected, the "Unallowable charging" error is generated.
	716
	717	Error generation conditions:
	718
	719	* the charging contactor is open, and the battery current is not zero during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
	720
	721	Conditions for removing the error:
	722
	723	* the battery current is zero during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	724
5.1	725	=== Stuck contactor ===
2.1	726
	727	The BMS Main 3 device protects contactors against sticking.
	728
	729	To change the protection parameters against sticking, select the "Protections → Stuck contactor" section:
	730
	731	[[image:1733328471920-314.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="123" width="800"]]
	732
	733	In this section:
	734
	735	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	736	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	737	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	738	* Check voltage – a flag to enable checking of voltage before and after contactors to detect the fact of contactor sticking;
	739	* Abnormal voltage difference – the difference of voltages before and after contactors at which BMS indicates and error;
	740	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	741
	742	If there is a stuck contactor, the “Stuck contactor” error is generated. Error generation conditions:
	743
	744	* The charging and discharging contactors are open, but the “Charging current present” or “Discharging current present” signal is set or (if “Check voltage” flag is set) “Charging/Discharging” contactor is open and voltage difference before and after contactors is lower than “Abnormal voltage difference”.
	745
	746	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	747	(((
18.1	748	If there is the “Stuck contactor” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	749	)))
	750
	751	=== Contactor feedback ===
	752
	753	The BMS Main 3 device can receive feedback signals from contactors and detect discrepancy between the control value and the feedback signal. To enable specific contactor protection, the feedback signal must be connected to the corresponding contactor feedback pin on the X3 header.
	754
	755	To change the contactor feedback check parameters, select the "Protections → Contactor feedback" section:
	756
	757	[[image:1733328487096-144.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="109" width="800"]]
	758
	759	In this section:
	760
	761	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	762	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	763	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	764	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	765
	766	If there is a discrepancy at any contactor, the corresponding contactor feedback error is generated. Error generation conditions:
	767
	768	* a command to the charging, precharging, discharging, charging/discharging or main contactor does not match its feedback value.
	769
	770	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	771	(((
18.1	772	If there is the “Contactor feedback” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	773	)))
	774
5.1	775	=== Insulation ===
2.1	776
	777	The BMS Main 3 device can detect a physical signal or CAN bus message from an external insulation monitoring device (such as Bender IR155, iso165C, BMD IMD) to monitor the insulation quality.
	778
	779	To change the insulation monitoring parameters, select the "Protections → Insulation" section:
	780
	781	[[image:1733328487098-963.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="121" width="800"]]
	782
	783	In this section:
	784
	785	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	786	* Checking algorithm – isolation checking mode:
	787	** Always on – check is always performed;
	788	** On charging – check is performed only if “Charger connected” or “Charge request” is set;
	789	** Except charging - check is performed only if “Charger connected” and “Charge request” are cleared;
	790	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	791	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	792	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	793
	794	The “Insulation fault” is set if the “Insulation status” signal is detected during the “Delay before setting the error” time. The “Insulation status” signal can be received through the discrete input or by the CAN bus from an insulation monitoring device. The “Insulation fault” is cleared if the “Insulation status” signal is cleared during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	795
	796	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	797	(((
18.1	798	If there is the “Insulation fault”, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	799	)))
	800
	801	=== HVIL ===
	802
	803	The BMS Main 3 allows to control the high voltage interlock loop by applying current to a testing loop and monitoring the difference between the measured current and the required value.
	804
	805	To change the HVIL measurement parameters, select the "Protections → HVIL" section:
	806
13.2	807	[[image:1735224839441-185.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
2.1	808
	809	In this section:
	810
	811	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
13.2	812	* Source is OFF: Lower current limit, A;
	813	* Source is OFF: Upper current limit, A;
	814	* Source is ON: Lower current limit, A;
	815	* Source is ON: Upper current limit, A;
2.1	816	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	817
26.1	818	If interlock loop breaks and its current is out of the configured ranges, the “HVIL error” is generated.
2.1	819
26.1	820	Error clears if interlock loop is being restored.
	821
2.1	822	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	823	(((
18.1	824	If there is the “HVIL error”, the “Critical error” is generated.
2.1	825	)))
	826
37.1	827	=== Battery voltage ===
	828
	829	The BMS Main 3 allows to control the difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors.
	830
40.1	831	To change the voltage difference check parameters, select the "Protections → Battery voltage" section:
37.1	832
	833	[[image:1755871661259-633.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="100" width="800"]]
	834
	835	In this section:
	836
	837	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	838	* Abnormal voltage difference – a maximum difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors (High voltage 1), V;
	839	* Delay before setting the error, second;
	840	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	841	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	842
	843	If there is a mismatch between voltages, "Battery voltage mismatch" error is generated.
	844
	845	Error generation conditions:
	846
	847	* difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is more than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before setting the error" time.
	848
	849	Conditions for removing the error:
	850
	851	* difference between sum of all cell voltages and voltage measured before the contactors is less than "Abnormal voltage difference" value during "Delay before clearing the error" time.
	852
38.1	853	(% class="box warningmessage" %)
	854	(((
	855	If there is the “Battery voltage mismatch” error, the “Critical error” is generated.
	856	)))
	857
2.1	858	=== Critical error ===
	859
26.1	860	Some of the errors are system critical. A separate signal named "Critical error" indicates a BMS fault.
23.4	861
2.1	862	To change the critical error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
	863
	864	[[image:1733328487100-898.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="101" width="800"]]
	865
	866	In this section:
	867
	868	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	869	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	870	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	871	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted.
	872
27.3	873	The "Critical error" signal is generated if at least one of the critical errors (see [[Errors>>doc:Battery management systems.Additional information.1\. Battery controllers\: signals and errors.WebHome\|\|anchor="HErrors"]]) is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
2.1	874
25.1	875	The “Critical error" signal is cleared if there are no errors from the list above during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
2.1	876
6.1	877	=== General error ===
2.1	878
	879	To change the general error parameters, select the "Protections → Critical error" section:
	880
14.2	881	[[image:1735224942262-497.png\|\|data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center" data-xwiki-image-style-border="true" height="102" width="800"]]
2.1	882
	883	In this section:
	884
	885	* Enable – a flag to enable the protection;
	886	* Delay before setting the error, millisecond;
	887	* Delay before clearing the error, second;
	888	* Lock – a flag to block the error until the device is restarted;
15.1	889	* Errors 1, 2 to set the "Critical error" – bitfields to enable check of corresponding errors.
2.1	890
28.1	891	The “General error”is generated if at least one of the enabled errors is generated during the “Delay before setting the error” time.
2.1	892
	893	The “General error” is cleared if there are no errors from the enabled errors during the “Delay before clearing the error” time.
	894
	895	(% class="box infomessage" %)
	896	(((
20.1	897	The state of the “General error” can be assigned to a discrete output or to a power switch.
2.1	898	)))

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